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To assess how preoperative anaemia affects surgical outcomes in elderly patients within a resource-limited setting.
Prospective cohort study.
Two comprehensive specialised hospitals in Ethiopia.
Participants consisted of 224 patients aged 65 years and older who underwent surgery between 1 December 2024 and 29 March 2025.
Perioperative blood transfusions were the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) admission, risk of postoperative complications, prolonged hospitalisation, poor recovery quality and in-hospital mortality.
The anaemic group required transfusions of three or more units more frequently than the non-anaemic group (10.5% vs 2.6%; absolute risk difference 8.0%). Their perioperative transfusion rates were significantly higher (42.3% vs 18.4%; p
Preoperative anaemia significantly increases the risk of transfusion, poor recovery, ICU admission, prolonged hospitalisation and in-hospital mortality in older patients who underwent surgery. In resource-limited settings, improving perioperative outcomes should prioritise the early detection and treatment of anaemia.
Assess the magnitude of adverse pregnancy outcomes and associated factors among mothers who had operative vaginal delivery in Amhara Region Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, 2024.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 November 2024 to 20 February 2025.
Seven comprehensive specialised hospitals were included in the study.
The study was employed on 389 mothers who had operative vaginal delivery.
Systematic sampling was used. Data were collected via questionnaires, chart reviews and observation. Data were entered into Epi Data V.4.6 and analysed using V.25 statistical package of social sciences. Variables with p
Adverse pregnancy outcomes of operative vaginal delivery.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes of operative vaginal delivery were 42.2%. Among them, 46 (11.8%) had only maternal complications, 55 (14.1%) had only neonatal complications and 63 (16.2%) had both maternal and neonatal complications. Perineal tear 29 (7.5%) and episiotomy extension 31 (8%) were the most common maternal complications, while caput succedaneum 45 (11.6%) was the most neonatal complication. The most common indication of operative vaginal delivery was prolonged second stage 203 (52.2%). Vacuum-assisted delivery (AOR 0.53; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.96), two tractions (AOR 2.19; 95% CI 1.23 to 3.90), birth weight less than 2.5 kg (AOR 1.85; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.83) and mid fetal station (AOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.49 to 5.64) were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes following operative vaginal delivery were high. Type of instrumental vaginal delivery, number of tractions, fetal birth weight and fetal station were significantly increased risks. Therefore, operators should minimise traction attempts during operative vaginal delivery to reduce adverse outcomes.
by Muluken Chanie Agimas, Mekuriaw Nibret Aweke, Berhanu Mengistu, Lemlem Daniel Baffa, Elsa Awoke Fentie, Ever Siyoum Shewarega, Aysheshim Kassahun Belew, Esmael Ali Muhammad
IntroductionMalaria is a global public health problem, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries. It is responsible for 90% of all deaths worldwide. To reduce the impact and complications associated with delayed treatment of malaria among children under five, comprehensive evidence about the magnitude and determinants of delayed treatment for malaria could be the solution. But there are no national-level studies in the Horn of Africa for decision-makers.
ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of delay in seeking malaria treatment among under-five children in the Horn of Africa.
MethodPublished and unpublished papers were searched on Google, Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and the published articles’ reference list. The search mechanism was established using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms by combining the key terms of the title. Joana Brigg’s Institute critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of articles. A sensitivity test was conducted to evaluate the heterogeneity of the studies. The visual funnel plot test and Egger’s and Begg’s statistics in the random effect model were done to evaluate the publication bias and small study effect. The I2 statistics were also used to quantify the amount of heterogeneity between the included studies.
ResultsThe pooled prevalence of delayed treatment for malaria among under-five children in the Horn of Africa was 48% (95% CI: 34%–63%). History of child death (OR =2.5, 95% CI: 1.73–3.59), distance >3000 meters (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 2.03–3.3), drug side effect (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.86–4.67), formal education (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.96), middle income (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.28–0.63), expensiveness (OR = 4.39, 95% CI: 2.49–7.76), and affordable cost (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.41–3.2) for transport were factors associated with malaria treatment delay among children.
Conclusion and recommendationsAbout one out of two parents in the Horn of Africa put off getting their kids treated for malaria. High transportation expenses, long travel times (greater than 3,000 meters) to medical facilities, and anxiety about drug side effects were major risk factors that contributed to this delay. On the other hand, a middle-class income was found to be protective of treatment delays. These results highlight how crucial it is to improve access to healthcare services, both financially and physically, to minimize delays in treating malaria in the area’s children.
FreshRSS 