Case reports (CRs) are essential in physiotherapy, yet reporting remains heterogeneous and insufficiently standardised. The 2013 CAse REport (CARE) guideline improves transparency but lacks physiotherapy-specific detail. This study aimed to develop a consensus-driven extension of the CARE reporting guideline to support structured reporting of physiotherapy CRs, encompassing physiotherapy-specific assessments and interventions.

An e-Delphi consensus process study following the ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document (ACCORD) guidelines.

Online.

Forty-four international experts in physiotherapy practice, research and education, along with six core committee members.

Experts objectively scored items for relevance (5-point Likert scale) and provided open-ended responses for each item of the drafts. Scores and responses were analysed to facilitate iterative refinement of the Physiotherapy CAse REport (PhyCARE) reporting guidelines. Consensus was predetermined at over 70% agreement.

Round 1 had the majority of items achieving ≥70% agreement, except two items that did not meet the threshold were revised and replaced with an alternative. Five new items addressing physiotherapy-specific reporting needs were added, and 10 items were relocated. In round 2, all 35 items across 13 domains achieved 84%–100% agreement. The nomenclature of one domain was revised to ‘Outcomes and Follow-up’. Following two e-Delphi rounds, consensus was achieved, and suggestions from online meeting, piloting led to item rephrasing, after which the PhyCARE guidelines were finalised.

The PhyCARE guidelines have the potential to provide a physiotherapy-specific extension of CARE to support structured, transparent and reproducible reporting of physiotherapy CRs.

Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training (PFMT) is a standard conservative first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. However, the success of PFMT alone, without adjunctive therapies, has been hindered by the lack of adherence among women, who report the inability to contract the correct PFMs and limited motivation to perform PFMT exercises. Therefore, PFMT is often combined with adjunctive therapies, such as biofeedback (BF). The conventional BF device employed in clinical practice is invasive and involves the insertion of an intravaginal probe, causing pain or discomfort for women. Therefore, our team developed the PelviSense, a non-invasive BF device for use as a PFMT adjunct. The proposed randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to (1) investigate the efficacy of PelviSense-assisted PFMT compared with unassisted PFMT in reducing SUI in women, and (2) identify the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of PelviSense-assisted PFMT for the treatment of SUI.

A prospective, two-arm, parallel-group RCT will be conducted. It will involve 132 women aged 18–60 years with SUI or stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence, who will be randomised into PelviSense-assisted (n=66) or unassisted (n=66) PFMT groups using a computer-generated randomisation schedule. Supervised PelviSense-assisted and unassisted PFMT will be provided on a one-to-one basis for 30 min, three times per week, for 4 weeks. Following the supervised training period, participants will perform the exercises at home unsupervised for 24 weeks, with or without the PelviSense device, according to their assigned group. The primary outcome will be the severity of urine loss, measured using the 1-hour pad test. The secondary outcomes will be the severity of SUI symptoms, measured using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form, and quality of life, measured using the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-Short Form. The mediating outcomes will include PFM strength, measured using the Modified Oxford scale, as well as levator hiatus area and bladder neck position, measured by transperineal ultrasound. The outcomes will be assessed at baseline (week 0), postintervention (week 4) and at follow-up (week 28).

This RCT has received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (approval number: HSEARS20211104002-02). Its findings will be disseminated to participants via written feedback on PFMT performance using the PelviSense device, to the general public via public lectures, to healthcare professionals via interactive workshops and to researchers via articles in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at national and international conferences.

NCT06126757.

To assess the implementation feasibility and acceptability of a structured digital psychosocial communication tool (DIALOG+) to strengthen the quality of person-centric care in psychiatric settings within Pakistan and India.

A hybrid inductive and thematic qualitative analysis using individual interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs).

Two psychiatric hospitals (Karwan-e-Hayat and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre) in Karachi, Pakistan and one psychiatric care organisation (Schizophrenia Research Foundation) in Chennai, India

Interviews were conducted with 8 mental health clinicians and 40 patients who completed the DIALOG+ pilot as well as wider stakeholders, that is, 12 mental health clinical providers, 15 caregivers of people with psychosis and 13 mental health experts.

A technology-assisted communication tool (DIALOG+) to structure routine meetings and inform care planning, consisting of monthly sessions over a period of 3 months. The intervention comprises a self-reported assessment of patient satisfaction and quality of life on eight holistic life domains and three treatment domains, followed by a four-step solution-focused approach to address the concerns raised in chosen domains for help.

Key insights for the implementation feasibility and acceptability of DIALOG+ were assessed qualitatively using inductive thematic analysis of 22 IDIs and 8 FGDs with 54 individuals.

Clinicians and patients ascribed value to the efficiency and structure that DIALOG+ introduced to consultations but agreed it was challenging to adopt in busy outpatient settings. Appointment systems and selective criteria for who is offered DIALOG+ were recommended to better manage workload. Caregiver involvement in DIALOG+ delivery was strongly emphasised by family members, along with pictorial representation and relevant life domains by patients to enhance the acceptability of the DIALOG+ approach.

Findings highlight that the feasibility of implementing DIALOG+ in psychiatric care is closely tied to strategies that address clinician workload. Promoting institutional ownership in strengthening resource allocation is essential to reduce the burden on mental health professionals in order to enable them to provide more patient-centric and holistic care for people with psychosis. Further research is required to explore the appropriateness of including caregivers in DIALOG+ delivery to adapt to communal cultural attitudes in South Asia.