Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) are both efficacious treatments for depression, but it is less clear how both compare on outcome domains other than depression and in the longer term. Moreover, it is unclear which of these two psychotherapies works better for whom. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis that aims to compare the efficacy of CBT and IPT for adults with depression on a range of outcomes in both the short and long term, and to explore moderators of the treatment effect. This study can enhance our understanding of treatments for depression and inform treatment personalisation.

Systematic literature searches will be conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to 1 January 2026, to identify randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing CBT and IPT for adult depression. Researchers of eligible studies will be invited to contribute their participant-level data. One-stage IPD meta-analyses will be conducted with mixed-effects models to examine (a) treatment efficacy on all outcome measures that are assessed at post-treatment or follow-up in at least two studies, and (b) various baseline participant characteristics as potential moderators of depressive symptom level at treatment completion.

Ethical approval is not required for this study since it will be based on anonymised data from RCTs that have already been completed. The findings of the present study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentation.

To contribute to the development of a people-centred global framework for collaborative action on tuberculosis (TB) and comorbidities, a rapid qualitative study on the perspectives of people with lived experience of TB and its associated comorbidities was undertaken.

From August to October 2021, TB survivors from high-burden countries, who encountered at least one comorbidity during TB treatment, were interviewed to explore their healthcare experiences and priorities. Thematic analysis drew on a healthcare acceptability model.

Participants (n=24, 13 women) were treated for drug-susceptible (n=13) or drug-resistant (n=11) TB between 2015 and 2021. They faced diverse comorbidities (mental health and substance use disorders, diabetes, Hepatitis C, lupus and HIV); half of whom reported more than one comorbidity, and all faced socioeconomic hardships. TB diagnosis and treatment exacerbated participants’ comorbidities and, in the absence of integrated support, precipitated mental health challenges. Four healthcare priorities for addressing TB-associated comorbidities were identified: (1) disclosure and early identification of comorbidities, (2) timely and affordable access to care for comorbidities, (3) tailored counselling and peer support and (4) coordinated and consolidated care for TB and comorbidities.

The syndemic manifestation of comorbidities in people affected by TB calls for a people-centred approach to care that facilitates building of trust with multiple care providers, timely linkages to non-TB programmes, access to integrated diagnosis and treatment, allaying intersecting stigmas and self-shame, and care coordination approaches that correspond to people’s needs and preferences. These healthcare priorities were included in the WHO’s Framework for collaborative action on TB and comorbidities.

Psychiatric conditions require long-term maintenance, and people with mental illness are often involved in care provided by multiple service providers. At the same time, reports indicate that people with mental illness and comorbid physical health conditions often fail to get their needs met in current systems. For example, coordinated support within the mesosystem is rarely available, and mesosystem fragmentation often results in individual suffering as well as inefficient use of societal resources. Meanwhile, integrated services, where collaboration is important, have shown superior effectiveness compared with services and support delivered in parallel silos. This contradictory image needs further investigation, and there is a need for a better understanding of the dynamics and complexities of collaboration within the mesosystem.

This review aims to map the mesosystem for services and support for people with mental illnesses. The review will seek to answer questions such as who are the actors (formal and informal) in the mental health services and support mesosystem, and how are collaborations among actors organised and implemented? To synthesise qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods findings, it uses a systematic integrative methodology. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science between 17th June and 21st 2024. Data will be extracted and synthesised using Covidence software. Two blinded researchers will make determinations regarding the inclusion and exclusion of articles. The subsequent process of analysis will be jointly conducted by the whole research team. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses tools for quality assessments will be used.

Articles included in the review will be analysed through an ethical lens, making sure that ethical considerations have been made where applicable. The study will result in a scientific publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

The study is registered in PROSPERO, no CRD42024543891.

Mycobacteroides abscessus (MABS) is within the non-tuberculous mycobacteria family. It inhabits soil and water, exhibits multi-antibiotic resistance and causes opportunistic lung infections, which may progress to symptomatic MABS-pulmonary disease (MABS-PD) associated with substantial morbidity, increased healthcare utilisation, impaired quality of life and increased mortality. Treatment regimens for MABS-PD are highly variable, not evidence-based and involve complex, expensive drug combinations administered for prolonged periods (>12 months) with frequent adverse effects and treatment failure. There is an urgent need for safe, efficacious and cost-effective MABS-PD therapy. Here, we describe the Master Protocol for the Finding the Optimal Regimen for Mycobacteroides abscessus Treatment (FORMaT) trial. FORMaT aims to determine the most effective and best tolerated treatment for MABS-PD as defined by MABS clearance from respiratory samples with good treatment tolerance.

FORMaT is an international multicentre, adaptive platform trial evaluating treatment combinations for MABS-PD. Participants are randomised multiple times during the trial, with assessment of the primary outcome of clearance of MABS infection with good treatment tolerance. Initially, therapies recommended in international consensus guidelines are being tested. Data obtained will eliminate therapies lacking efficacy or causing unacceptable toxicity. Novel treatments can then be added and tested against previously determined optimal approaches, leading in an iterative fashion to improved microbiological clearance and health outcomes. In parallel, an Observational cohort and several integrated and discovery studies are embedded in FORMaT to identify biomarkers of MABS-PD and MABS clearance, clinical and radiographic treatment response, drug pharmacokinetics and Mycobacteroides genomics and resistome.

The FORMaT Master Protocol and related documents are approved by regulatory authorities in each participating jurisdiction and/or site. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings. De-identified, aggregated data will be shared on an approved online platform.

NCT04310930, ANZCTR12618001831279, 2020-000050-10, ISRCTN67303903.

Physicians frame medical information for patients in different ways, impacting patient outcomes. What underlies their framing choices has not been investigated. 

To explore the use and function of information framing practices in medical interactions.

Explorative, quantitative observational study with a mixed-methods design.

28 videorecorded hospital interactions, ranging from short-term/acute (orthopaedic surgery, gynaecology) to long-term/chronic care (oncology, gastroenterology) and involving 14 physicians and 28 patients.

Using a previously developed coding system, we analysed physicians’ framing practices. We extracted information sharing functions qualitatively, checking 10% of the analysis with an independent assessment from the physicians. To explore whether variation in physicians’ use of information frames stemmed from individual or clinical specialty differences, we estimated intraclass correlations. To assess how their use of information frames varied at the macro level (across clinical specialties) and micro (the immediate function in the interaction), we estimated linear mixed models adjusted for the number of words.

Variation in framing practices was mainly observed at the level of physicians nested within the same clinical unit (9.5% of the overall variance explained vs 1.3% for the unit level and 0.7% for the individual level). Physicians from different clinical units differed significantly in how they framed information, with the main differences between the gastroenterology and oncology units (mean difference=1.88; 95% CI 0.97; 2.79; p2 tests). Physicians from more short-term care units were oriented towards shared understanding, from gastroenterology towards inviting and convincing efforts and from oncology towards personal communication.

Results revealed signature marks of clinical units in terms of information sharing practices. Physicians’ information framing choices were driven both by the macro level (the clinical unit) and micro (the specific function for sharing information at that moment), thus highlighting potential areas for future interventions.

Patients with total hip arthroplasties and hemiarthroplasties are both subject to hip dislocations. Although the incidence of complications differs, both patient groups suffer immediate high pain and need acute treatment. The purpose of this study is to design a fast-track pathway for patients with a dislocated hip prosthesis primarily to reduce the time from arrival to reduction and the total hospitalisation time. The secondary aim is to investigate whether quicker prosthesis reduction influences subsequent hip function and quality of life, reduces pain experience immediately and in the long term, and increases patient satisfaction.

This is a prospective observational cohort study, initiated on 1 December 2024 and continuing for 2 years. During the first year, patients admitted to the University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, will follow the current standard treatment pathway. After 1 December 2025, a newly developed treatment pathway (fast-track) will be adhered to. Based on a sample size calculation, 120 patients will be included. The main clinical outcomes (time to reduction (primary outcome), total hospitalisation) are registered from patient files. The patients are followed up for 1 year to measure patient-reported outcomes.

The study is conducted as a treatment quality study and is locally approved by the Executive Board at the University Hospital of Southern Denmark. The results will be published in relevant national and/or international journals and presented at relevant congresses.

NCT06639334.