This study aims to explore the history of prior abortions and the factors influencing them among young women seeking abortion services in Foshan, Guangdong, China.

This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study of young women seeking abortion care.

Gynaecological outpatient clinics at the Department of Gynaecology, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China, between 2013 and 2023.

A total of 7361 young women aged 12–25 years seeking abortion services.

Data on abortion history, sociodemographic factors, contraceptive use and postabortion contraceptive choices were collected and analysed, with special emphasis on the incidence of repeat abortions and the factors associated with them.

Of the 7361 participants, 34.2% reported at least one previous abortion, underscoring a notable public health concern. The mean age of the participants was 22.30 years (SD=2.13). Women with a history of abortion were significantly older than those without (22.57 vs 22.08 years, p

This study underscores the need for targeted interventions to address the multifaceted factors leading to repeat abortions among young women in China. The results offer valuable insights for improving reproductive health outcomes in this vulnerable population and highlight the importance of expanding access to contraceptive education and services in China.

This study assessed the associations between asthma, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) among adolescents.

A cross-sectional survey.

Six randomly selected schools across all five educational zones of the Anuradhapura district in Sri Lanka.

A total of 1127 adolescents aged 13–14 years were included from six randomly selected schools representing all five educational zones in the Anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka.

Prevalence of asthma and GORD, the associations between asthma, GORD and HRQoL among adolescents in Sri Lanka.

This study of 1127 adolescents (44.8% male, mean age 13.66±0.56 years) found that 16.1% (n=181) had current asthma and 17.9% (n=202) exhibited symptoms of GORD. A significant association was observed between current asthma and GORD (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.59 to 3.31, p=0.0005). Comorbidity of asthma and GORD was observed in 4.8% of participants (n=54). The total HRQoL score was not associated with asthma, GORD or those having both asthma and GORD. However, the presence of GORD was associated with poor emotional functioning (unstandardized regression coefficient ± standard error = -4.7±1.7, p=0.008).

Asthma and GORD were significantly associated among early adolescents in Sri Lanka. While overall HRQoL did not differ by disease status, the presence of GORD was associated with poorer emotional functioning.

Sleep, a fundamental element of health, accounts for about one-third of our lives, and is as crucial as nutrition and exercise. Among university students, medical students are one subset that seems particularly susceptible to sleep problems, perhaps due to the length and complexity of their studies and being under a high level of stress. Yoga Nidra has been studied as a therapeutic intervention for various medical conditions. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of short-duration Yoga Nidra for improving sleep quality in students at a tertiary healthcare centre in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand.

A two-group parallel randomised controlled trial will be conducted among undergraduate medical students with a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score >5. Efficacy of short-duration Yoga Nidra in comparison to sleep education will be evaluated for PSQI scores, heart rate variability, respiratory rate, pulse rate, body mass index, blood pressure, random blood sugar, lipid profile, interleukin 6, salivary cortisol, generalised anxiety disorder and depressive disorder. The intervention will be pre-recorded with the duration of 12 min. The intervention group participants will receive three sessions per week for 4 weeks. The sample size is 160 students. All analyses will follow the intention-to-treat approach using SPSS V.26. Descriptive statistics, test of associations, parametric and/or non-parametric methods (as appropriate) will be used to assess within and between group changes.

The Institutional Ethics Committee (All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh) has approved the study (#AIIMS/ie,C/22/231) and the trial has been prospectively registered in Clinical Trials Registry-India: CTRI/2022/07/044426. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

CTRI/2022/07/044426.

The rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including mental health disorders (MHDs) such as anxiety and depression, poses a significant public health challenge globally. Evidence suggests that both diabetes and hypertension, the two most prevalent NCDs, are linked to a higher prevalence of MHDs. However, there is a lack of evidence on prevalence of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression among adults living with both diabetes and hypertension in Bangladesh. We aimed to assess the prevalence of GAD and depression and explore the associated factors among adults living with diabetes and hypertension comorbidity in rural Bangladesh.

We implemented a cross-sectional study.

The study was conducted in Chirirbandar, a sub-district of Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

We interviewed a total of 387 adults living with diabetes and hypertension comorbidity.

We had two primary outcome measures: GAD and depression. Individuals scoring ≥10 on the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale were considered as having GAD and individuals scoring ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale were considered as having depression. The outcome variables were dichotomised based on these scores.

The prevalence of GAD was 7.24% (95% CI 5.04 to 10.29). Education level (grades 5–9) (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.40, 95% CI 1.26 to 9.19) and household wealth status (highest wealth tertile) (AOR: 0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.62) were associated with GAD. The prevalence of depression was 17.83% (95% CI 14.32 to 21.98). Socioeconomic factors associated with depression included unemployment (AOR: 3.26, 95% CI 1.05 to 10.10) and household wealth status (highest wealth tertile) (AOR: 0.45, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.98). Higher odds of depression were also observed among participants with controlled hypertension (AOR: 3.88, 95% CI 1.81 to 8.35). Other factors, such as tobacco use, dietary diversity and physical activity, were not associated with GAD or depression.

A high prevalence of GAD and depression was observed among adults living with diabetes and hypertension comorbidity. The findings from the study emphasise the need for integration of mental health services into the existing non-communicable disease care. The identified factors associated with GAD or depression should be considered to develop targeted interventions for people with hypertension and diabetes comorbidity in Bangladesh.