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Video games have been linked to a range of positive and negative effects on the mental health of adolescents and young adults. However, to better understand how games affect the mental health of young people, their use and experiences must be situated in the sociocultural and personal life contexts of individuals. Drawing from a cultural-ecosocial approach, this study combines cross-sectional and digital phenotyping measures to examine the effects of video games on the mental health of youth.
Participants will be young people aged 16–25 years from the community and living in the province of Quebec, Canada. An initial sample of 1000 youth will complete a cross-sectional survey online, including measures of socio-demographic context, gaming practices and experiences, streaming practices and experiences, as well as personality and well-being. Qualitative questions will explore personal views on games and mental health. A subsample of 100 participants will be selected for digital phenotyping, including daily surveys of well-being, gaming, streaming and social experiences, combined with passive mobile sensing (eg, geolocation). Analyses will include regression and mixed models for quantitative data, reflexive thematic analysis for qualitative data, and an integration of quantitative and qualitative results using participatory methods.
The study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of McGill University (24-02-015). The dissemination of results will be conducted in partnership with a multi-stakeholder advisory committee, including youth who play video games, and will involve peer-reviewed publications, presentations to policymakers in Quebec, and workshops for clinicians and researchers.
En el presente artículo se presenta la ciencia como un producto cultural occidental que ha evolucionado desde la modernidad. Debido a ello se obtuvo su forma actual, la cual logró imponerse, por su efectividad, a nivel global. Se reflexiona también sobre el origen y la evolución de lo que se conoce como “método científico” y se problematiza la naturaleza de la hipótesis y su corroboración empírica. El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar epistemológicamente sobre la práctica social de la ciencia, el método y la hipótesis científica. El escrito está estructurado en tres apartados. El primero, presenta la ciencia y el método científico desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad. El segundo, se centra en los supuestos epistemológicos del método científico, profundizando en el inductivismo y las diversas alternativas que Bunge, Popper y Hempel plantean. Por último, se analiza la hipótesis científica, estudiando su naturaleza y los requisitos obligatorios que esta exige. Concluye sosteniendo que la “ciencia” es un producto occidental con tendencias empiristas y en muchos casos experimentales. Además, se logró determinar los componentes fundamentales del método científico, el cual no es estático, pues varía cada vez que cambia la concepción o la práctica social de la ciencia. Asimismo, se estableció que la contrastación empírica es fundamental para confrontar la hipótesis con la realidad.
El desarrollo del conocimiento de Enfermería, la forma en que aprenden los estudiantes y el uso que hacen de este para resolver situaciones propias de la disciplina de Enfermería en el entorno académico y clínico es esencial para la calidad de la atención. La pedagogía narrativa surge de las experiencias vividas se centra en presentar múltiples epistemologías (saberes), explorar formas de conocer y prácticas de pensamiento. Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de estudiantes de Enfermería sobre el uso de las narrativas, como una estrategia que permite el aprendizaje de componentes epistemológicos y ontológicos para una práctica reflexiva en estudiantes de Enfermería. Metodología: Estudio de tipo cualitativo descriptivo con análisis de contenido basado en categorización de tipo inductivo utilizando lo dispuesto por Bengtsson, participaron 66 estudiantes que cursaron la asignatura Epistemología del Cuidado, la información se recogió mediante un cuestionario. Resultados: Surgieron cinco categorías: 1. Integración de la teoría y la práctica, 2. El aprendizaje de la Enfermería, como una disciplina orientada hacia la práctica y el cuidado humanizado, 3. Un medio de expresión y comunicación empática con el paciente, 4. Mejorando las habilidades de pensamiento crítico y reflexivo, 5. Visibilizar el cuidado como una responsabilidad ética en la práctica clínica. Conclusión: El uso de narrativas como herramienta pedagógica contribuye al desarrollo de diferentes dimensiones en los estudiantes de Enfermería como lo son el pensamiento crítico, reflexivo y creativo.
Nurses, assuming a wide range of clinical and patient care responsibilities in a healthcare team, are highly susceptible to direct and indirect exposure to traumatic experiences. However, literature has shown that nurses with certain traits developed a new sense of personal strength in the face of adversity, known as post-traumatic growth (PTG). This review aimed to synthesize the best available evidence to evaluate personal and work-related factors associated with PTG among nurses.
Mixed studies systematic review.
Studies examining factors influencing PTG on certified nurses from all healthcare facilities were included. Published and unpublished studies were identified by searching 12 databases from their inception until 4th February 2023. Two reviewers independently screened, appraised, piloted a data collection form, and extracted relevant data. Meta-summary, meta-synthesis, meta-analysis, as well as subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Integration of results followed result-based convergent design.
A total of 98 studies with 29,706 nurses from 18 countries were included. These included 49 quantitative, 42 qualitative, and seven mixed-methods studies. Forty-six influencing factors were meta-analyzed, whereas nine facilitating factors were meta-summarized. A PTG conceptual map was created. Four constructs emerged from the integration synthesis: (a) personal system, (b) work-related system, (c) event-related factors, and (d) cognitive transformation.
The review findings highlighted areas healthcare organizations could do to facilitate PTG in nurses. Practical implications include developing intervention programs based on PTG facilitators. Further research should examine the trend of PTG and its dynamic response to different nursing factors.
Research on trauma-focused therapies targeting nurses' mental health is lacking. Therefore, findings from this review could inform healthcare organizations on the PTG phenomenon and developing support measures for nurses through healthcare policies and clinical practice.
El conocimiento sobre alimentación en los hospitales de la edad moderna en España está sustentado en documentación de muy pocos centros, mayoritariamente de grandes urbes, siendo necesarias nuevas aportaciones para ampliar la evidencia existente. A tal objeto se ha analizado la documentación del hospital Santiago de Vitoria, un hospital y una ciudad más representativos de la mediana peninsular. Se ha hallado un inequívoco enfoque económico de la documentación sobre alimentos y la consignación de su adquisición solo recoge gastos extraordinarios, mayoritariamente alimentos destinados a la botica (80% de los asientos). La dieta basal solo nos es conocida por su descripción teórica, anotándose su gasto por número de raciones o su fracción. Se evidencia una supervisión triple en su preparación y administración, así como una cuidada prescripción médica de los alimentos en las dietas individualizadas. En conclusión, los gastos no evidencian el consumo efectivo ni tampoco representan la dieta real, pues la inmensa mayoría de los alimentos consignados estuvieron destinados a la botica y no a la alimentación de los enfermos. Debe preguntarse si los estudios precedentes, que utilizan también datos de gastos, no han hecho una mala interpretación de estos extrapolando erróneamente una dieta magnífica cuando, en el caso vitoriano, tuvo una composición de clases populares.
Nonadherence to therapy negatively impacts mortality and quality of life and results in suboptimal efficacy of treatment regimens, threats to patient safety, and increased healthcare costs for disease management. Mobile health solutions can offer users instruments that can promote therapeutic adherence. The objective of this review is to investigate the impact mobile health systems have on therapeutic adherence. Specifically, we want to map the main systems used, the functions implemented, and the different methods of adherence detection used. For this purpose, a scoping review was conducted. The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO (including APA PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, ERIC), including English-language studies published in the last 10 years (2012–2022). The main mobile health systems used are as follows: applications, automated messaging, interactive voice response, and mobile video games. The main features implemented to support medication management were as follows: reminders, self-monitoring instruments, educational support, and caregiver involvement. In conclusion, the use of interactive mobile health instruments intended for use by the patient and/or caregiver can improve objectively and subjectively detected therapeutic adherence. The use of these systems in the therapeutic pathway of users, with a special focus on people with comorbidities and in polypharmacy treatment, represents a challenge to improve caregiver health. No abstract available Transgender and nonbinary young adults (TNB YA) report high rates of depression and more suicidality than their cisgender counterparts. Parental rejection is a known predictor of worse mental health among TNB YA; however, less is known about TNB YA experiences of sibling acceptance-rejection. The purpose of this study was to determine how TNB YA perception of sibling and parental acceptance-rejection are related to TNB YA depression and suicidality.
Cross-sectional.
TNB YA (ages 18–25) who had disclosed their gender identity to an adult sibling were recruited to take part in an online study and completed measures of sibling and parent acceptance-rejection, depression, as well as lifetime and past year suicidality. Stepwise regressions were conducted to evaluate associations between acceptance-rejection and TNB YA depression and suicidality.
The sample consisted of 286 TNB YA (Mage = 21.5, SD = 2.2) who were predominantly White (80.6%) and assigned female sex at birth (92.7%). Each family member's acceptance-rejection was associated with increased TNB YA depression scores when considered independently and combined. Independently, high rejection from each family member was associated with greater odds of reporting most suicidality outcomes. When all family members were considered together, only high rejection from a male parent was associated with four times greater odds of reporting lifetime suicidality. High rejection from both parents was associated with greater odds of reporting past year suicide attempt (OR: 3.26 female parent; 2.75 male parent).
Rejection from family members is associated with worse depression and suicidality, and rejection from male parents may be particularly damaging. Sibling acceptance uniquely contributes to TNB YA's depression symptoms alone and in the context of parental support.
FreshRSS 