To analyse the completeness of the COVID-19 vaccination schedule and identify factors associated with vaccine uptake.

Cross-sectional study.

Data were collected through face-to-face interviews conducted in all 26 Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District between 2022 and 2023, using a sequential sampling approach.

A total of 1392 individuals aged 18 years or older experiencing homelessness for at least 6 months were included.

The primary outcome was the completeness of the COVID-19 vaccination schedule (complete vs incomplete), based on self-reported vaccination status. Secondary analyses examined sociodemographic, institutional and behavioural factors associated with vaccine uptake using binary logistic regression.

Completion of the vaccination schedule was positively associated with receiving government aid (OR: 1.58; 95% CI 1.09 to 2.30), visits from street clinic health agents (OR: 3.19; 95% CI 1.95 to 5.36), prior COVID-19 diagnosis (OR: 5.77; 95% CI 3.17 to 11.15), support for mandatory vaccination (OR: 3.76; 95% CI 2.48 to 5.76), trust in vaccine efficacy (OR: 3.92; 95% CI 2.63 to 5.89), seeking information from community sources (OR: 1.91; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.88) and trust in federal authorities (OR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.31).

This study identified structural, social and individual factors associated with complete COVID-19 vaccination among people experiencing homelessness in Brazil. Although overall coverage was substantial, gaps in vaccination completeness persisted. Social support, healthcare outreach and trust in vaccines were associated with higher uptake, highlighting important barriers and facilitators to vaccination in socially vulnerable populations.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) entails substantial morbidity and mortality, yet no epidemiologic evidence exists on its outcomes in Mexico. This study assessed national hospitalisations (2005–2022) and mortality (2000–2022) related to AAV using data from the General Board of Health Information.

Retrospective, population-based time-trend analysis on administrative health data.

Mexico’s national hospital discharge and mortality registries, covering 1 January 2000 through 31 December 2022.

All individuals aged ≥ 15 years with a primary or secondary International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnosis of AAV recorded during hospitalisation or on death certificates nationwide.

The study’s primary outcomes were the age-standardised hospitalisation and mortality rates for AAV (expressed per 100 000 population, overall and by sex), with temporal trends in both rates quantified using Joinpoint regression to calculate annual percent change (APC) and average APC (AAPC).

We identified 2804 hospitalisations and 599 deaths. Females accounted for 49.7% of hospitalisations, while males represented 48.7% of deaths. Although the overall age-standardised hospitalisation rate (ASHR) and mortality rate (ASMR) AAPCs were not statistically significant, relevant trends emerged. From 2010 to 2022, ASHR declined significantly (APC: –5.2%; 95% CI –9.7, –0.5; p=0.03), whereas mortality rates remained stable from 2000 to 2022 (AAPC: +3%; 95% CI –4.6, 11.3; p=0.45). Nevertheless, mortality increased among males (APC: +6.4%; 95% CI 0.9, 12.2; p=0.02) and individuals over 45 years (APC: +8.6%; 95% CI 1.7, 16.0; p=0.02) from 2008 onwards.

Overall, these findings indicate no major changes in national rates but reveal a decline in hospitalisations since 2010 and a rise in mortality for specific subgroups since 2008. Targeted interventions, particularly for older adults and men, appear warranted to address this evolving disease burden. Future research should explore underlying risk factors and evaluate tailored strategies to improve clinical outcomes in AAV across Mexico.