The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of intraoperative hypoxaemia and bradycardia in paediatric patients.

A single-arm prospective cohort study was conducted, and data collection was carried out from 15 February 2024 to 30 September 2024 at Wachemo University, Nigest Elleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialised Hospital.

The study included all paediatric patients undergoing surgery who had American Society of Anaesthesiologists classes II and III.

Incidence and predictors of intraoperative hypoxaemia.

Incidence and predictors of intraoperative bradycardia.

The incidence of intraoperative hypoxaemia was 33.3%. Paediatric age (

This study has been conducted in a resource-limited setting and with methodological limitations such as short follow-up period, employing a single-arm cohort design, utilisation of sub-standardised intraoperative vital sign monitoring, proper intraoperative event documentation, over-reporting and under-reporting of the findings. This can cause overestimation of the incidence of hypoxaemia compared with studies conducted in a good resource set-up.

The incidence of intraoperative hypoxaemia and bradycardia, which is significantly associated with comorbidities, age (1 hour, is high in paediatric patients who undergo surgery with general anaesthesia.

Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) 10811 (https://www.researchregistry.com).

This study aims to assess the burden and predictors of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among older age patients with diabetes attending comprehensive specialised hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.

A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted among older patients with diabetes using a systematic random sampling technique.

The study was conducted at five comprehensive specialised hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from 8 May to 8 June 2023.

The study included 832 diabetic individuals aged 40 years and above.

Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and physical examinations.

In this study, a total of 832 participants were involved, with a response rate of 96.85%. The burden of AMD was 15.4% (95% CI 13.0% to 18.0%). Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.56), older age (AOR 6.91, 95% CI 3.17 to 15.08), diabetes duration of 10 and more years (AOR 3.00, 95% CI 1.91 to 4.69), higher body mass index (AOR 2.56, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.71), presence of hypertension (AOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.56 to 3.85) and family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.40 to 3.76) were positively associated with AMD.

This study found that the prevalence of AMD among patients with diabetes was 15.4%. Older age, male sex, longer DM duration, higher body mass index, presence of hypertension and family history of DM were significantly associated with AMD. Targeted screening of at-risk individuals for AMD, public health awareness campaigns focusing on these factors and further research to understand the burden and underlying mechanisms of these associations with AMD are recommended.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is the descent of one or more pelvic organs through the vaginal canal, including the vagina, uterus, rectum, bladder, cervix, posthysterectomy vaginal cuff, and small or large bowel, which compromises a woman’s physical, mental and social well-being.

This study aimed to explore how women with POP experience their living and its impact on their quality of life (QoL).

This was a qualitative study using interpretive phenomenological analysis, following in-depth structured interviews. Analysis was undertaken to identify superordinate themes relating to how women are living with POP.

3 public hospitals and 3 woredas in Gurage zone, Central Regional State, Ethiopia.

A purposive sample of 12 women who were diagnosed with POP was recruited.

Five core themes with subthemes were identified; general health judgement, POP symptom, life situation related to POP, feeling about POP and limitation in daily life/activity. The majority of respondents expressed concern that the prolapse had negatively impacted their general health and voiced hope that pelvic floor reconstruction would improve their general well-being. The majority of the informants stated that disclosing to others might significantly lower their QoL and that having the condition was extremely embarrassing. The women were most affected by the actual physical symptoms of prolapse (bulge, back pain, heaviness, bowel problems, urinary incontinence) as well as by the impact prolapse has on their sexual function.

Women with POP should be offered psychosocial support, early care and counselling because they have physical, personal, emotional, social and sleep/energy problems. Healthcare providers should take the initiative in educating women regarding prolapse and to make them aware that it is a treatable condition which can improve their QoL.

This study aimed to assess eye check-up practice and associated factors among patients with diabetes attending primary hospitals in the Central Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

A multicentre hospital-based cross-sectional study.

This study was conducted at primary hospitals in Central Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, from 10 June 2024 to 10 July 2024.

The study included 689 consecutive adult patients with diabetes who met the inclusion criteria.

Participants were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus by a general practitioner. Optometrists conducted interviews, reviewed medical records and administered a pretested, structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors, with significance considered at a p

A total of 689 participants were involved in this study, with a response rate of 98.4%. The proportion of good eye check-up practice was 20.6% (95% CI: 17.6% to 23.8%). Factors associated with good eye check-up practice included urban residence (adjusted OR, AOR=4.10, 95% CI: 1.72 to 9.82), diabetes duration of 12+ years (AOR=4.98, 95% CI: 1.43 to 17.38), previous eye disease (AOR=3.78, 95% CI: 1.79 to 7.95), good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy (AOR=3.22, 95% CI: 1.42 to 7.29), higher family income (AOR=3.80, 95% CI: 1.27 to 11.36), referral from a diabetic clinic (AOR=3.48, 95% CI: 1.58 to 7.67) and a favourable attitude (AOR=3.75, 95% CI: 1.46 to 9.65).

This study revealed a low proportion of good eye check-up practices among patients with diabetes. Urban residency, longer duration of diabetes, higher income, clinic referrals, history of eye disease, knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and a favourable attitude were significantly associated with good eye check-up practices. Therefore, targeted health education and strengthened referral systems are recommended to improve regular eye check-up practices among individuals with diabetes.