The global burden of cancer is increasingly concentrated in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where health systems face significant challenges such as late-stage diagnosis, limited resources and restricted access to specialised care. Palliative care plays a vital role in improving symptom control and quality of life for patients with cancer, particularly as care delivery shifts toward ambulatory and community-based settings. In this context, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are crucial for capturing patients’ perspectives on the quality of care. However, the use and characteristics of these instruments in ambulatory palliative care settings within LMICs remain poorly understood. This systematic review aims to identify and map PROMs and PREMs used among adult patients with cancer receiving ambulatory palliative care in LMICs, and to examine their content, psychometric properties and alignment with key domains of quality palliative care.

This systematic review protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. The search will be conducted across seven databases from the database inception to December 2025. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles using Rayyan software to identify studies involving adults (≥18 years) with cancer in ambulatory palliative care settings. Data extraction will capture study characteristics, instrument content and psychometric properties. The final review will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-COSMIN for Outcome Measurement Instruments. A narrative synthesis will be conducted, mapping the identified instruments against the eight domains of the National Consensus Project Clinical Practice Guidelines for Quality Palliative Care to identify measurement gaps and inform future instrument development. A meta-analysis will be conducted if sufficient homogeneity exists.

This review will include only published data; therefore, no approval is required. The findings of this review will be presented at conferences and published in an open-access peer-reviewed journal.

CRD420251273579.

Migrants are vulnerable to structural barriers that compromise their health status and simultaneously decrease their access to healthcare, including palliative care. Literature on palliative care access in migrant populations is limited by a focus on migration to high-income countries; under-representation of refugees, asylum seekers and migrant workers; and no investigation of intersectional factors. We seek to conduct a scoping review of palliative care utilisation in migrant populations, including both academic and grey literature, including articles from low- to middle-income countries and about refugees, asylum seekers and migrant workers. The review will map out what is already known and what remains unknown about palliative care utilisation in migrants; identify the factors associated with palliative care utilisation; and determine the extent to which intersectionality has been examined.

This scoping review will adhere to the methodological framework developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, and reporting will be in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines. A search strategy developed by a health sciences librarian will be conducted on Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO in addition to grey literature sources up to 7 July 2025. Articles will be included if they studied migrant populations and reported on palliative care utilisation. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and review full texts. Data extraction will be performed independently and in duplicate using a standardised, pilot-tested form. Findings will be synthesised thematically, with particular attention to countries of destination, migrant subgroups and intersectional factors.

Since this is a scoping review and uses only previously published data, it does not require approval by a research ethics board. Findings will be disseminated as an abstract for presentation at a palliative care conference and a manuscript for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Open Science Framework (gy75v).

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention tool, reducing infection risk by up to 99% when used as prescribed. Despite its proven efficacy, PrEP uptake remains suboptimal, particularly among high-risk populations in Canada. Barriers to access and uptake, including stigma, financial constraints and healthcare accessibility, persist, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map the extent and types of interventions, programmes, practices and policies aimed at increasing the acceptance, access, uptake and sustained use of HIV PrEP in Canada.

This review will use the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Scoping Review methodology. Databases to be searched are MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science from 2016 onwards. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, based on the inclusion criteria. The search results will be presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram. Data will be extracted from relevant studies by two independent reviewers and summarised to inform future research and policy development. This review will include studies focusing on individuals in Canada who are eligible for or using PrEP for HIV prevention. The interventions considered will address the awareness, acceptance, access, uptake and sustained use of PrEP. Studies must be set within the Canadian context, considering geographic, cultural and systemic factors. Exclusions include studies conducted outside Canada or those not addressing HIV prevention interventions.

This research will rely exclusively on previously published data and will not include human participants. Therefore, ethics approval is not required. For further clarification, please contact Stephen Hwang, Director, MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Unity Health Toronto, at Stephen.Hwang@unityhealth.to. The findings of this research will be shared through peer-reviewed journal articles, conference presentations and may be relevant to governmental health agencies and local HIV/AIDS service organisations.

The protocol has been registered with Open Science Framework at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/C7S4Z.

The Validating Outcomes by Including Consumer Experience (VOICE) project is developing patient reported experience measure (PREM) tools to collect consumer feedback for Indigenous primary healthcare (IPHC) services’ accreditation and quality improvement processes. This study aimed to explore the views of health service staff about: (1) optimising the feasibility of collection, analysis and interpretation of findings; and (2) resourcing requirements for implementation of the PREM.

A participatory action research qualitative study design, guided by an Indigenous advisory group. Our team of Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers conducted semistructured focus groups and individual interviews with IPHC staff. Focus groups and interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. Multiple sense-making meetings were conducted with the Indigenous advisory group.

Eight partner IPHC services across four Australian states and territories.

All staff were eligible and invited to participate in the study via purposive and snowball sampling. Administrative staff (eg, receptionist, programme facilitator), clinicians/practitioners (eg, general practitioner, nurse, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers and practitioners) and service managers (eg, CEO, practice manager) from partner health services participated.

63 staff participated; 44 attended across 13 focus groups, with the remainder participating in individual interviews. The majority of participants were between 35 years and 55 years old (52%), female (66%) and working in frontline IPHC service delivery roles (56%). Equal numbers identified as Indigenous (50%) and non-Indigenous (50%). Many had worked in the Indigenous health and well-being sector for over 10 years (40%). ‘Culturally safe care’ and ‘accountability’ were identified as primary themes and key reasons for gathering consumer feedback. Subthemes identified were ‘Relationships’, ‘trust and respect’, ‘communication about consumer feedback’, ‘timing and frequency of requesting consumer feedback’, ‘health service systems’, ‘health service and staff capacity’, ‘staff skills’ and ‘structure and administration of the PREM’. All themes and subthemes need to be considered for the successful design and implementation of PREMs in IPHC settings.

Many of the issues identified are not currently considered in the process of collecting PREM data for accreditation yet, if addressed, would likely improve the quality and relevance of data collected. The findings from this study will inform the co-design and validation of Indigenous-specific PREM tools to collect consumer feedback. Critically, service and community input will ensure the PREM tools meet service needs for continuous quality improvement and accreditation and reflect the priorities and values of Indigenous peoples.

Despite extensive efforts in HIV prevention, significant barriers to accessing interventions such as HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) persist in Canada. Although PrEP has demonstrated efficacy in preventing HIV transmission, various structural, social and systemic factors continue to impede its widespread adoption and use. These factors influence the uptake (acceptance and access) and use (adherence and retention) of PrEP. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the existing body of evidence regarding the barriers and facilitators to uptake and use of PrEP in Canada. By identifying these factors, the review aims to inform future research, policy development and interventions to improve PrEP access and its integration into HIV prevention strategies in Canada.

This scoping review will focus on studies involving HIV-seronegative individuals in Canada who are either eligible for or currently using PrEP as an HIV prevention option. The review will consider barriers and facilitators within services, programmes, policies or practices related to HIV prevention in Canada. Eligible studies will include experimental, quasi-experimental, observational or qualitative designs. Studies that do not address PrEP or HIV prevention, or that involve populations not aligned with the inclusion criteria, will be excluded. The review will involve searching a range of key databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and TRIP, with no language restrictions, and focusing on publications from 2016 onward. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, followed by full-text assessment and data extraction, using Covidence. Data will be analysed narratively, with a specific focus on subgroup analyses of key populations. The findings will be synthesised to provide an overview of the key themes, trends, and evidence gaps identified within the existing literature.

This piece of research will not involve human participants and will solely use already published data. Consequently, ethics approval is not necessary. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal articles and conference presentations and may be of relevance to governmental health agencies and local HIV/AIDS service organisations.

The protocol has been registered on Open Science Framework registries at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/69WJA.