Conectar
by Berihun Agegn Mengistie, Getie Mihret Aragaw, Tazeb Alemu Anteneh, Kindu Yinges Wondie, Alemneh Tadesse Kassie, Alemken Eyayu Abuhay, Wondimnew Mersha Biset, Gebrye Gizaw Mulatu, Nuhamin Tesfa Tsega
BackgroundPrecancerous cervical lesions, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), represent a significant precursor to cervical cancer, posing a considerable threat to women’s health globally, particularly in developing countries. In Africa, the burden of premalignant cervical lesions is not well studied. Therefore, the main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the overall prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions and identifying determinants among women who underwent cervical cancer screening in Africa.
MethodsThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Item Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: CRD42025645427). We carried out a systematic and comprehensive search on electronic databases such as PubMed and Hinari. In addition, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect were utilized to find relevant studies related to precancerous cervical lesions. Data from the included studies were extracted using an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using STATA version 17. The methodological quality of the eligible studies was examined using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment tool. Publication bias was checked by using the funnel plot and Egger’s tests. A random-effects model using the Der Simonian Laird method was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions in Africa. The I-squared and Cochrane Q statistics were used to assess the level of statistical heterogeneity among the included studies.
ResultsA total of 112 eligible articles conducted in Africa, encompassing 212,984 study participants, were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Thus, the pooled prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions in Africa was 17.06% (95% confidence interval: 15.47%−18.68%). In this review, having no formal education (AOR = 4.07, 95% CI: 1.74, 9.53), being rural dweller(AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.64, 3.46), history of STIs (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI: 2.97, 5.23), history of having multiple partners (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 2.28, 3.28), early initiation of coitus (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI: 2.11, 3.62), being HIV-seropositive women (AOR = 3.33, 95% CI: 2.32, 4.78), a CD4 count Conclusions
In Africa, the overall prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions is high (17%). The findings of this review highlight that health professionals, health administrators, and all other concerned bodies need to work in collaboration to expand comprehensive cervical cancer screening methods in healthcare facilities for early detection and treatment of cervical lesions. In addition, increasing community awareness and health education, expanding visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid in rural areas, offering special attention to high-risk groups (HIV-positive women), encouraging adherence to antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive women, overcoming risky sexual behaviors and practices, and advocating early detection and treatment of precancerous cervical lesions.
This study aims to assess parents’ knowledge and attitude towards the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of their daughters and the associated factors in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study.
Debre Tabor town, Northwest Ethiopia.
A total of 702 participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 98.2%. Three out of the six kebeles in the town were randomly selected, and participants within the selected kebeles were recruited through a cluster sampling technique. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 15 December 2021 to 15 February 2022.
Parents’ level of knowledge and attitude towards the HPV vaccination of their daughters, and the associated factors.
In the study, parents’ knowledge and attitude towards HPV vaccination were found to be 46.4% (95% CI 42.7% to 50.1%) and 61.5% (95% CI 58.0% to 65.2%), respectively. Parents with a higher level of education (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.27; 95% CI 1.39 to 3.69), media exposure (AOR=3.36; 95% CI 1.21 to 9.33) and a good attitude towards the HPV vaccine (AOR=8.81; 95% CI 5.78 to 13.44) were significantly associated factors that affect parents’ level of knowledge. Positive subjective norms (AOR=1.53; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.31) and perceived behavioural control towards the HPV vaccine (AOR=3.48; 95% CI 2.37 to 5.10) had statistically significant associations with parents’ attitude.
In this study, more than half of parents had poor knowledge of the HPV and its vaccination, while the majority of the participants showed a favourable attitude to the vaccine. Educational attainment, media exposure and a positive attitude were significantly associated with parental knowledge, and parents’ attitude was positively influenced by subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. This suggests a need to increase the parents’ level of awareness through educational interventions, particularly via media and community engagement. To improve the acceptance and uptake of the HPV vaccination, it is important to address negative attitudes and common misconceptions among parents on the safety, efficacy and necessity of the vaccine for their daughters.
by Addisu Mandefro, Getnet Yitayih, Girmay Aragaw
Chickpea (Cice rarietinum L.) is one of the important grain legume crops in Ethiopia, which serves as a source of both foreign exchange and food. However, the crop production and productivity are currently challenged by ascochyta blight disease caused by Ascochyta rabiei in the study areas.A total of 120 chickpea fields were assessed from five districts in two zonesduring the 2022 main cropping season to assess the distribution, prevalence, and intensity of ascochyta blight of chickpea and its association with agro-ecological factors in northwestern Ethiopia.The results confirmed a 100% prevalence of ascochytablight disease across districts. The highest disease incidence (46.32%) and severity (32.90%) were assessed from Fogera and GondarZuria districts, respectively. The associations between disease parameters and biophysical factors were performed using a binary logistic regression model.High incidence (>40%) and severity (>25%) were strongly associated with mixed cropping, Fogera and Gondar Zuria districts, ≤ two times land preparation, Vertisol soil type, desi chickpea type, and broadleaf weed type in the model. Lower disease incidence (≤ 40%) and severity (≤ 25%) had a strong association with sole cropping, more than two times land preparation, Nitisolsoil type, and growing of kabuli chickpea type. Thus, planting chickpea in sole cropping, more than two times land preparation, growing chickpea in Nitisol soil and use of kabuli chickpea typecould be used as management options to reduce the impact of the disease in northwestern Ethiopia and other similar ecological areas of the country.This study was carried out to identify individual-level and community-level factors influencing the number of antenatal care (ANC) visits in Ethiopia’s emerging regions (Afar, Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz and Gambella).
Cross-sectional study design.
Ethiopia’s emerging regions (Afar, Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz and Gambella) from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).
The analysis included a total weighted sample of 441 women from the EDHS dataset who had given birth within the 5 years before the survey.
The number of ANC visits.
In this study, 20.5% (95% CI: 16.7%, 24.5%) of pregnant women received four minimum recommended visits. Women with secondary (incidence rate ratio, IRR 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1, 1.5), and higher (IRR 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1, 1.5) education, terminated pregnancy (IRR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.9, 3.1), wanted pregnancy (IRR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.3), high community poverty (IRR 0.5; 95% CI: 0.4, 0.7), community media exposure (IRR 1.3; 95% CI: 1.3, 1.8) and high community illiteracy (IRR 0.6; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.9) were significant predictors of many ANC visits in Ethiopia’s emerging regions.
According to the findings of our study, more than three-quarters of pregnant mothers in Ethiopia’s emerging region did not receive the adequate number of visits recommended by the WHO. Pregnancy desirability, history of a terminated pregnancy, maternal education, community poverty level, community literacy and community media exposure were significantly associated with the number of ANC visits. Therefore, promoting interpectoral actions would be vital in improving maternal health.
FreshRSS 