Conectar
Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) causes a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from pharyngitis and impetigo to severe invasive infections and immune-mediated conditions such as acute rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Contemporary data on the global burden of Strep A diseases are lacking. The proposed study aims to use administrative data from numerous jurisdictions to estimate age-specific incidence or prevalence of Strep A diseases, with an emphasis on severe clinical endpoints. Depending on the availability of data, a secondary objective will be to estimate the economic burden of Strep A diseases.
This population-based descriptive study will use routine health data obtained from different low-income and middle-income and high-income countries through international research collaborations to estimate the country-level and global burden of Strep A diseases. Data will be primarily obtained and collated from hospital or national health laboratory databases for individuals across all age groups, along with emergency department, primary care and microbiological datasets where available. Strep A disease endpoints will be identified using International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision or other relevant coding systems and microbiological diagnosis. Age-specific incidence and prevalence rates will be computed using population denominators, and country-level age-adjusted rates will be applied to standard global reference populations to estimate the number of cases globally.
Ethical approval to conduct this study was obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee at the University of Western Australia (reference: #2024/ET000401) and governance approval was obtained from The Kids Research Institute Australia. The findings from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at Strep A Vaccine Global Consortium collaborative meetings.
The aim of this systematic review was to assess and synthesize the global evidence on existing general dementia training and education for the social care workforce.
Mixed-methods systematic review.
Systematic searches on five databases (PubMed, APA PsychINFO, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Web of Science) were conducted for articles published between 2010 and July 2024.
Each abstract and full text was screened by two research team members, with conflicts of inclusion dissolved by a third team member. Data were extracted and studies narratively synthesized by the group into comparisons of content, delivery mode, workforce and outcomes/impact.
Twenty-seven studies from 13 mainly high-income countries were included in this review. Most studies provided training to care home staff, with studies using remote, in-person and blended training delivery modes. While the focus was on generic dementia education, various interventions have been evidenced in the social care workforce, to different effects. Most changes in outcomes were reported for staff knowledge and confidence, while evidence on impacts on people with dementia is limited and mixed.
There are various types of in-person and remote dementia training available for the social care workforce, with overall positive impacts on knowledge and change in care delivery. Evidenced interventions need to be implemented across countries and have the potential to improve dementia knowledge, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries where evidence and the social care workforce are limited.
Findings provide clear recommendations on the value and benefit of diverse dementia training on the social care workforce, care delivery and limited but emerging evidence on service user outcomes. Nurses are key parts of the staff working in social care settings, including care homes and would thus benefit from the identified dementia training.
Two former unpaid carers and three voluntary sector staff helped interpret the findings and reviewed drafts of the manuscript. They are co-authors.
Aboriginal people in the Kimberley are concerned that scientific research, government Inquiries and Royal Commissions are not adequately informing policy and service design. In this protocol paper, we outline our proposed scoping review to identify and provide a broad overview of scientific literature regarding the health, well-being, mental health, disability, education and social outcomes of children and adolescents living in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and the recommendations that came from them.
This scoping review is guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) methodological framework. We will conduct a comprehensive search across multiple databases using several search engines. Inclusion criteria were established to inform the selection of papers to be included in the review. After de-duplication, all titles and abstracts will be reviewed, followed by full-text screening. A second reviewer will independently screen 20% of the titles, abstracts and full texts. Two reviewers will discuss discrepancies, and a third reviewer will resolve any disagreements that may arise. We will use a data extraction template in Covidence to systematically extract relevant data.
This scoping review does not require ethics approval, as we are investigating the breadth of existing literature regarding the outcomes of children and adolescents in the Kimberley, Western Australia. The scoping review results will be published in peer-reviewed journal(s) and shared with relevant policymakers to help inform future policies and service improvements and designs in the region.
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