This qualitative study aims to identify which themes cause the most emotional variation in patients’ decisions about cancer treatment. Patients’ emotional variations are analysed to detect negative and positive variations to certain themes during the consultations. This analysis helps to detect what themes or elements affect patients’ experiences.

A total of 31 clinical consultations from cancer care pathways were recorded, transcribed and analysed. Patients were followed up until they decided and started treatment for their cancer. An inductive content analysis is followed to interpret patients’ emotional variations. All patients were from Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet of Zaragoza, Spain.

Twelve patients participated in the study, consisting of eight with breast cancer and four with melanoma. Of these patients, nine were female and three were male. Eligible participants were required to be new to the care pathways or to have used them more than 10 years ago. Participants were also required to be aged 18 or older, be fluent in Spanish and be available to participate for 3 months. Participants were excluded if the authors or oncologists noticed poor health conditions that could be exacerbated by the stress and additional effort involved in participating in the study.

Patients’ emotional variations identify five main themes: clinical history, cancer diagnosis, discussion of possible treatment choice, side effects (possible side effects of the selected treatment) and next steps (require complementary medical tests and more consultations to decide the treatment). Most of the emotional variations detected were negative and were mostly grouped into the categories of treatment, side effects and next steps. The most pronounced negative variations were related to delays in starting treatment and the possibility of hair loss.

The themes and emotional variations identified in this study can help to understand patients’ experiences during their initial oncology consultations. These results represent a significant step towards enhancing communication and the patient experience within oncology practices. Oncologists could use these data and procedures to identify where patients experience negative emotions and respond appropriately.

Adolescent pregnancy is a global issue. Early childbearing is strongly linked to poverty and negative health outcomes, including increased neonatal death risk. This study explores spatial patterns of adolescent pregnancies and neonatal deaths and their association with socioeconomic characteristics.

This population-based study used spatial analysis techniques to investigate the geographical distribution of adolescent pregnancies, socioeconomic characteristics and neonatal mortality rate (NMR).

The 645 municipalities of State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

All live births to mothers residing in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, between 2004 and 2020.

The socioeconomic indicators used were: municipal human development index and per capita income (PCI). Spatial patterns were assessed for spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I, LISA), and smoothed using local Bayesian estimation. Spearman’s correlation was used to ascertain the relationship between the percentage of live births to adolescent mothers and socioeconomic indexes. This calculation was also undertaken between different maternal age groups of NMR.

The study analysed over 10 million live births, with 14.3% attributed to adolescent mothers. Spatial analysis revealed significant clustering of adolescent pregnancies, strongly associated with lower socioeconomic indicators. NMR also exhibited spatial clustering, particularly after smoothing. Statistically significant differences were observed in PCI medians between high–high and low–low clusters for adolescent births. High and low incidence areas of NMR, both in all maternal ages and stratified by adolescent and non-adolescent mothers, demonstrated considerable overlap.

The results indicated the existence of clustering areas of adolescent pregnancy and neonatal deaths and suggested that the prevalence of births to adolescent mothers is not distributed equally and is higher in lower socioeconomic developed areas.