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This study aims to assess the association of multimorbidity with capacity impairment in the Chilean population.
Cross-sectional study.
We analysed data from the National Health Survey performed in Chile in 2016 and 2017.
Persons aged 15 years and over were selected using a random, stratified and multistage sampling by clusters in all 15 geographical regions of the country.
We consider the WHO’s definition of multimorbidity as the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions in the same person. For capacity impairment, the survey included 24 items in eight dimensions that represent functioning as a reflection of the overall health experience perceived by an individual with a health condition and interacting with the environment.
The 2016–2017 ENS (Encuesta Nacional de Salud) included 6233 participants (mean age 48.9±19.3, and 62% women). There is an association between impairment of capacity and being a woman (OR=1.62; 95% CI 1.37 to 1.92) and between being under 45 years old and conserved capacity (OR=0.8, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.99). The predictive model determined that women classified with five or more chronic conditions of 80 years and over and with less than 8 years of formal education reach the highest probability of having any impairment of capacity.
Multimorbidity is associated with impaired capacity in the adult population in Chile, and these public health problems are present at early ages and have a greater impact on women.
To analyse the effectiveness of an active ageing intervention modality through peer mentoring.
A quasi-experimental research study is carried out through three groups, one control (educational workshops on active ageing given by professionals) and two experimental (workshops given by peers with digital or face-to-face exposure).
All groups share duration (7 weeks) and content, modifying the route of exposure. The effectiveness of the model is measured through the variables of physical health, mental health and social support. Loneliness and the need for care are also controlled for.
The total sample consists of n = 209 people aged over 60 living in a rural context, of which n = 12 form the volunteer/mentor group. Active ageing interventions show an improvement in the perception of physical and mental health among people in need of some form of care, with all three modalities being equally effective. The impact on social support is analysed by controlling for the loneliness and social participation variable; in these cases, the face-to-face experimental group of peers is more effective than the others.
The peer-to-peer methodology is as effective as the traditional methodology with a practitioner in maintaining and improving health perception, and the face-to-face methodology with peers is more useful in fostering social support among people experiencing loneliness.
Peer mentoring is presented as a good strategy to improve social support for older people and to combat loneliness.
To address the prevention of dependency through the promotion of active ageing. Peer mentoring is confirmed to have a significant impact on social support and could be a socio-educational tool applicable to older people experiencing loneliness.
This study has adhered to JBI guidelines. JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies has been used.
Volunteer mentors contributed to the design and delivery of the workshops.
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