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Research has yielded contradictory results regarding differences in physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk between children and adolescents living in rural and urban areas.
The present study aimed to analyse the moderating role of area of residence on the association of physical fitness and anthropometric parameters in Chilean adolescents.
Cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative school-based sample from Chile.
A total of 7,833 adolescents with an average age of 15.8±0.7 years participated in both rural (n=759) and urban (n=7,074) settings. Physical fitness tests were evaluated using the Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness (ALPHA-Fitness) battery and anthropometric variables such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Generalised linear models with Gaussian distributions were constructed to estimate moderation models, with anthropometric-related variables as dependent variables, physical fitness variables as independent variables and area of residence as a moderator. Moderation analyses were conducted to examine whether the area of residence influences the association between physical fitness and anthropometric indicators (WC, WHtR and BMI).
In all models, place of residence did not moderate the potential associations between physical fitness and anthropometric indicators; for example, cardiorespiratory fitness with WC (B=0.13, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.31; 0=0.160), WHtR (B=0.08, 95% CI –0.03 to 0.20; p=0.143) or BMI (B=0.08, 95% CI –0.03 to 0.20; p=0.207).
These findings suggest the associations between physical fitness and anthropometric outcomes do not differ significantly between rural and urban adolescents.
To describe the leadership trajectories of graduates of a Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Education programme in a single university in the Philippines and examine how the doctoral programme influenced these trajectories.
Qualitative design, specifically thematic narrative analysis.
A total of 10 purposively selected graduates of the programme were interviewed with the aid of videoconferencing and life-calendaring methods.
The emerging central narrative theme is transformative potential. Leadership trajectories are characterised by expanding fields of transformative potential from within to beyond their organisations. Doctoral education shapes these trajectories through curriculum-driven capacity building, beyond-curriculum capacity building and character building.
The evolving leadership trajectories of graduates of the Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Education programme are characterised by expanding and accumulating transformative potential.
The findings can help nursing academic institutions design and improve postgraduate degrees, which will develop transformational leaders in the profession.
What problem did the study address?
This study aims to map and describe the leadership trajectories of graduates of a Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Education programme.
What were the main findings?
The leadership trajectories of graduates are characterised by expanding and accumulating transformative potential.
Where and on whom will the research have an impact?
The findings can inform the planning, design and evaluation of doctoral nursing degree programmes in higher education institutions, as well as continuing educational programmes for nursing leaders in academic and clinical settings.
Initial findings were sent to the graduates of Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Education programme to validate the qualitative insights as part of member checking.
En el presente trabajo se recoge la normativa reguladora y consideración legal que han tenido las Tarifas de Honorarios del ejercicio libre profesional de los auxiliares sanitarios desde la promulgación de su colegiación oficial, a principios del Siglo XX, hasta el año 2009.
Durante unos ochenta años, el ejercicio liberal de Practicantes, Matronas, Ayudantes Técnicos Sanitarios (ATS) y Enfermeras ha estado regulado económicamente por unas Tarifas, consensuadas por la profesión, las cuales señalaban la cuantía económica a repercutir en las diferentes actividades profesionales del citado colectivo.
Tras la oficialidad de los Colegios de Practicantes y Matronas, y la adscripción obligatoria a los mismos, las Tarifas de Honorarios adquieren el carácter de obligatorias y con cuantías mínimas a repercutir por el trabajo realizado.
Es en 1996 cuando la consideración de “Honorarios Mínimos” pasa a ser de “Honorarios Orientativos”, siendo el profesional quien establecía lo que debía percibir por sus servicios, siguiendo las recomendaciones realizadas por su colegio profesional. Esto fue así, hasta la promulgación de la popularmente conocida Ley Omnibus (2009), quien suprimió todo tipo de Tarifas o Baremos de honorarios profesionales en el ejercicio libre de la profesión.
In deprived urban areas of South America, young people face heightened risks of mental disorders. Research suggests an association exists between social media engagement (SME), depression and anxiety.
This study explored the associations of SME with symptoms of depression, anxiety and subjective quality of life among young people from South American deprived urban areas.
Our cross-sectional survey study used an adapted version of the Multidimensional Facebook Intensity Scale to categorise 2399 participants into four SME groups: low, moderate, high and very high. Symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8), anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7) and quality of life (Manchester Short Assessment) were assessed and compared using F and Tukey tests.
Each step of increased SME was associated with more symptoms of depression and anxiety and poorer quality of life. Statistically significant differences were observed across all groups (p
The findings suggest an association exists between SME, increased mental distress and lower quality of life in young people from deprived South American urban areas. This influence seems to apply across the spectrum of engagement levels, not only to extremes. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of the study, causal relationships cannot be established.
SME should be explored in clinical settings, as lower levels are associated with lower symptom levels and better quality of life. Policies addressing youth SME should be developed and evaluated in the challenging contexts of deprived urban areas.
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