Liver tumours are a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Current diagnostic tools, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS), have limitations in detecting liver neoplasms. Indocyanine green (ICG) has emerged as a promising tool for improving liver tumour detection. This study aims to assess the impact of preoperative ICG on intraoperative tumour detection in minimally invasive surgery and develop a machine-learning algorithm to enhance tumour detection using ICG fluorescence.

This prospective, multicentre, phase IV clinical trial adheres to Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines. Patients with liver tumours eligible for minimally invasive surgery and a preoperative imaging test will be included. ICG will be administered intravenously 24 hours before surgery. Intraoperative procedures will include IOUS, ICG mapping and photographic documentation. Patients will be followed for 90 days to assess tumour progression, morbidity and mortality. The photographic analysis will enable the development of an artificial intelligence algorithm using machine learning and neural networks to identify lesions based on ICG fluorescence. The estimated sample size is 173 patients and the trial is predicted to accrue in 3 years.

The trial will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS) guidelines. Approved by the local institutional Ethics Committee and the AEMPS, the results will be shared with the scientific community through publications and conferences.

2023–5 08 316-27-00.

NCT06398028.

V.12, 18 March 2025

To assess the state of the research literature addressing what is known about the quality of continence care from the perspective of older adults in long-term care or in receipt of home care.

Scoping review of the literature according to the Joanna Briggs Institute method, reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. Participant: older adults (>65 years of age), either in receipt of home health or social care services or older adult residents of long-term care (nursing homes). Concept: older adult perspectives on quality of continence care (access, care to meet needs, continuity, goals, expectations, delivery, experiences, personalised care, partnerships in care, well-being and social support). Context: older adults in long-term care or in receipt of home care.

We identified 14 articles from the academic literature. Sources originated from the USA (7), Australia (4), Canada (2) and 1 from Italy. Long-term care residents were the focus of 12 of the articles. Older adults reported limited access and information regarding continence care and services and variable abilities of care staff to deliver care. Older adults wanted to be actively involved in decisions about their care, preserve their autonomy and independence and wanted care to enhance their well-being.

Studies examining the perspectives of older adults regarding the quality of their continence care are few. Older adults value person-centredness, expert advice regarding their condition, allowing preservation of self-determination and independence where possible. Older people value meaningful relationships with empathetic care providers. There remains a need for education of care providers in continence care and for policies and practices to support continence in a dignity-preserving framework.

Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/bprq9/).