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Police are frequently dispatched to a wide range of 911 calls, including mental and behavioural health crises, despite lacking the training, resources and time to respond effectively. In particular, people with serious mental illness are at elevated risk of experiencing excessive use of force, arrest and continued criminal legal involvement following police contact. Following the murder of George Floyd and other highly publicised police killings, Community Safety Response (CSR) programmes, staffed by unarmed peers, mental health professionals and other trained responders, have proliferated to provide non-police responses to mental and behavioural health and other quality-of-life concerns. CSR programmes have expanded rapidly, yet the evidence base remains fragmented and largely outside the peer-reviewed literature.
This scoping review will synthesise peer-reviewed and grey literature from 2020 to present on CSR programmes operating in North America. Guided by Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) standards, we will search multiple databases (Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, SocIndex, Web of Science, Policy Commons) and employ complementary grey literature search strategies, including targeted website searches, reference tracking and review of internal and external reports and evaluations. Inclusion criteria require that programmes provide non-police first response to calls traditionally served by law enforcement and include information on programme operations or outcomes. Two reviewers will independently screen and extract data on process metrics including operational characteristics, dispatch, funding, services provided and outcomes such as populations served, diversion from police, service linkage and use of force.
No ethical review for this study is required as it will not include human subjects or any identifiable information. Findings will provide the first national synthesis of CSR programme models, operations and outcomes. Results will inform policy-makers, practitioners, researchers and community members. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and public-facing products to support implementation, scale-up and sustainability of CSR programmes.
by Nourridine Siewe, Avner Friedman
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of joint disease, involves the progressive degradation of articular cartilage and is a major cause of chronic disability in aging populations. Since OA is associated with severe deficiency of collagen type II, clinical trials considered treatment of OA by injection with undenatured collagen type II (UC-II). Recent studies consider also injection of senolytic drugs, like fisetin, that eliminates senescent chondrocytes in aging patients, to reduce the negative effect of these senescent cells on cartilage structure. In this paper we develop a mathematical model of OA for men and, separately, for women, and use the model to assess the efficacy of treatment by UC-II and by fisetin, alone or in combination. Our computations show the benefits of starting treatment early. They also show that although the effect of treatment by fisetin on slowing the progression of OA is much smaller compared to UC-II treatment, its effect in combination with UC-II is significantly increased.Ages of attainment for early gross motor milestones have been widely studied, but definitions and measurement methods have varied greatly. Since delays in motor milestones have been used extensively as one of the earliest indicators of atypical development, it is imperative to establish a universal understanding of the methods and results reported on motor milestones in typically developing children. Therefore, the primary aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of recent studies reporting ages of onset for independent sitting and walking in typically developing children worldwide; this will be achieved by summarising how these milestones have been operationalised and evaluated, the samples from whom these data have been drawn, and the reported ages of acquisition.
To meet inclusion criteria, articles must: be original research papers published in any language since 2003, contain a sample of typically developing children and report actual ages of onset for independent sitting and/or walking. To conduct this scoping review, the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological framework will be used. Search terms will include variations of the following concepts: acquisition of motor milestone (independent sitting and/or walking), age of onset, infancy. Six databases (CINAHL Plus, Embase, PsycNet: PsycINFO & PsycArticles, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science: Core Collection) will be searched. Records from these databases will be screened for eligibility. Two people will independently review each record during title and abstract screening, and three people will independently screen full texts and extract data. Results will be displayed in tables, graphs and narrative summaries in the scoping review.
As the review will only include previously published data, ethics approval is not required. Findings will be shared at scientific conferences and in a peer-reviewed journal.
Our study aimed to (1) validate the accuracy of nursing mobility documentation and (2) identify the most effective timings for behavioural mapping.
We monitored the mobility of 55 inpatients using behavioural mapping throughout a nursing day shift, comparing the observed mobility levels with the nursing charting in the electronic health record during the same period.
Our results showed a high level of agreement between nursing records and observed mobility, with improved accuracy observed particularly when documentation was at 12 PM or later. Behavioural mapping observations revealed that the most effective timeframe to observe the highest levels of patient mobility was between 10 AM AND 2 PM.
To truly understand patient mobility, comparing nursing charting with methods like behavioural mapping is beneficial. This comparison helps evaluate how well nursing records reflect actual patient mobility and offers insights into the best times for charting to capture peak mobility. While behavioural mapping is a valuable tool for auditing patient mobility, its high resource demands limit its regular use. Thus, determining the most effective times and durations for observations is key for practical implementation in hospital mobility audits.
Nurses are pivotal in ensuring patient mobility in hospitals, an essential element of quality care. Their role involves safely mobilizing patients and accurately charting their mobility levels during each shift. For nursing practice, this research underscores that nurse charting can accurately reflect patient mobility, and highlights that recording the patient's highest level of mobility later in the shift offers a more precise representation of their actual mobility.
Strobe.
No Patient or Public Contribution.
FreshRSS 