Conectar
This article investigates school vaccination for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disability through the lens of person-centred care principles.
This is a theoretical framework analysis in which qualitative interview data were mapped to the principles of a Person-Centred Practice Framework.
Data were drawn from Vax4Health, an empirical study that aims to improve vaccination uptake and experiences for adolescents with disabilities.
Our four-step process included: identifying elements of the school vaccination programme that relate to the Framework domains; mapping programme capacities and challenges by each domain; identifying key factors influencing person-centredness; and synthesising these key influencing factors into three themes.
We extrapolated three themes: (1) Parents and students expressed strong support for the programme, but there is potential to enhance their participation in vaccination decision-making processes. (2) Nurses bring high levels of motivation, clinical experience, empathy and creativity to vaccinate students, but opportunities remain to enhance disability-specific training and knowledge of individual students' needs. (3) Special schools are committed to supporting families and facilitating the programme, but limited resourcing and unclear responsibilities present challenges that need addressing. We discuss how these themes relate to the five domains of the Framework. Key considerations for vaccination programme improvement towards a more person-centred approach are highlighted.
Applying the Framework to the findings of the Vax4Health study identified a range of opportunities to improve person-centred school-based vaccination for adolescents with IDD. Future research could involve engagement with all stakeholders to co-design interventions aimed at applying person-centred care principles to vaccinating students with IDD.
The findings from this analysis could be used to inform future implementation research into person-centred approaches to school vaccination aiming for positive outcomes for adolescents with IDD, their families and schools and health professionals.
Globally, the circulation of influenza and other seasonal respiratory viruses changed dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the trends of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial viruses (RSVs) in patients presenting to hospitals in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) (Laos).
Prospective surveillance study.
Four provincial hospitals across Laos between March 2021 and July 2023.
Participants of all ages who met our case definition for an ARI (axillary temperature ≥37.5°C or history of fever AND cough or other respiratory symptoms/signs OR loss of smell and/or taste) presenting to the hospital less than 10 days after symptom onset were eligible to be enrolled in the study. Combined nasopharyngeal and throat swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and human RSV (hRSV) using probe-based real-time RT (Reverse transcription)-PCR assays.
The proportion of patients in whom SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and hRSV was detected.
There were 4203 patients recruited, of whom 898 (21%) were children aged under 5 years. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 16.9% of patients, followed by influenza A, influenza B and hRSV (8.4%, 7.2% and 4.7%, respectively). 98 patients (2.3%) were diagnosed with probable co-infection, with at least two viruses detected. After May 2022, the number of cases of influenza A, influenza B and hRSV increased rapidly. Six per cent of patients (263) had a quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score of ≥2, and 34 (0.8%) patients died, of whom 11 tested positive for a respiratory virus.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Laos, few respiratory viruses were detected by passive surveillance until the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented for infection control. After restrictions were lifted, influenza A, influenza B and hRSV emerged rapidly, showing the importance of continuous surveillance.
FreshRSS 