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Gender, sex and ethnicity-sensitive approaches to psychosocial interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia have been under-represented in the literature. Although the initial findings have revealed relevant differences with regard to sex, gender and ethnicity-sensitive approaches to those interventions. The GenderDem study aims to identify the top-10 research priorities in this context for future dementia care research.
The methodological approach in GenderDem is based on the James Lind Alliance Guidebook and the concept of priority setting partnerships. In this participatory research approach, people living with dementia, their caregivers (and/or their loved ones) and healthcare professionals will be actively involved in the study. As members of a steering group, they act as coresearchers in the GenderDem study. We aim to recruit a diverse group of people for the steering group by considering different factors, eg, gender identity, sex, ethnicity and age. Future research priorities will be identified through two rounds of online surveys to collect and rank research topics from additional participants (eg, people with dementia, caregivers and/or loved ones and healthcare professionals). Additionally, a literature review and a workshop will be carried out in parallel to consider the current state of the research and to finalise the top-10 research priorities.
An ethics application for conducting the two surveys and the workshop for this study has been approved by the German Society of Nursing Science (No. 25-029). Study participants will be informed in detail about the voluntary nature of their participation. Together with the coresearchers from the steering group, we will develop a dissemination plan that considers the different media consumption forms of the various groups. Additionally, we will disseminate our project results on an ongoing basis.
Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) affect up to 80% of people with dementia and pose significant challenges in the context of care. Psychosocial interventions have been recommended as first-line strategies, but the roles of aspects of sex, gender and ethnicity in this context remain underexplored. This umbrella review, which will be conducted as part of the GenderDem project, aims to synthesise existing reviews on psychosocial interventions for BPSD and to investigate the potential sex-, gender- and ethnicity-sensitive differences among them.
Our GenderDem project follows the methodology of the James Lind Alliance for Priority Setting Partnerships. As part of this approach, this participatory umbrella review actively involves people living with dementia, their caregivers and/or loved ones and healthcare professionals in examining the existing review literature.
Different types of reviews on this topic will be identified by reference to the databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO) and PsycInfo (via Ovid) databases. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full texts using Rayyan. Data will be extracted in line with the Criteria for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in healthcare: revised reporting guidelines, supplemented with items pertaining to gender, sex and ethnicity. The results will be summarised descriptively, and relevant intervention types (including whether sex/gender/ethnicity has been taken into consideration), the characteristics of the study populations, outcomes and research gaps will be highlighted.
Ethical approval is not required, as this umbrella review will include only data from published studies. The findings of this review will be disseminated through a publication in a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentations.
Young children and children living with HIV are at high risk of progressing to tuberculosis (TB) disease following Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exposure and infection, and also of developing severe forms of disease and TB-related mortality. Identifying children who have very early (sub-clinical) TB disease, prior to progression to clinically apparent TB, would mean that TB preventive treatment (TPT) could be more efficiently targeted to this group. Identifying biomarker changes on drug therapy in children with Mtb infection or very early disease could pave the way for the development of tests that can identify which children have viable bacilli and are therefore at increased risk of disease progression.
The INTREPID study will use already collected samples taken from well-phenotyped paediatric cohorts in three clinical studies conducted in South Africa in children Mtb exposure to disease and from children treated for Mtb infection and early TB disease, as well as targeted Mtb antibody analysis. Data on viral co-infections and relevant clinical and epidemiological parameters will be integrated and evaluated to identify the optimal biosignatures that can predict future progression to clinically overt disease in children below 5 years of age, including those living with HIV.
The study protocol received ethical approval from the Stellenbosch University Health Research Ethics Committee (N23/03/025). The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, scientific conferences and formal presentations to healthcare professionals and to local communities, in collaboration with the Desmond Tutu TB Centre Community Advisory Board.
Venous leg ulcers (VLU) account for the majority of chronic wounds, with an estimated rise in prevalence due to demographic change. Care often does not comply with evidence, and patients remain passive and uninformed. To support general practice VLU care, the ‘UlcusCrurisCare’ (UCC) project developed a multimodal intervention comprising provider training, software-supported case management and standardised patient education. Experts from the medical community (physicians, nurses, association of medical assistants), health insurance and patient representatives provided their assessment of barriers in VLU care, requirements for intervention components and their expected effects. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used at two measuring points. Qualitative data analysis was based on the Theoretical Domains Framework. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively. Ten experts named a lack of knowledge and application regarding compression therapy, reluctance to assume role as primary care provider, and inadequate remuneration as barriers for evidence-based VLU care. To effectively address these barriers, interventions are required to foster the use of compression therapy and patient education. A multimodal approach such as pursued in UCC is expected to effectively address deficits in VLU care at general practitioner level by promoting provider knowledge about evidence-based treatment and supporting patient adherence.
The specific preferences that shape the daily lives of people with dementia serve as the basis for the concept of person-centred care. However, information on the complex experiences of culturally and linguistically diverse people with dementia (CALDPwD), which determine their multifaceted preferences, is lacking. Therefore, the objective of this scoping review is to identify the range, extent and nature of evidence available in peer-reviewed and grey literature examining how the multilayered experiences of CALDPwD influence everyday living preferences.
We aim to conduct a scoping review to explore the multilayered experiences of CALDPwD and the intersectional determinants of their everyday living preferences. Using PubMed, MEDLINE (via Ovid for precision and controlled searching), CINAHL (via EBSCO), Scopus and the Cochrane Library, as well as grey literature, we will systematically search for literature in English, German and Turkish without any publication date restrictions. The titles/abstracts and full texts of the identified records will be independently screened by two reviewers. Data extraction will be performed by one researcher and verified by another. All the authors will discuss the conflicts. We will analyse the identified intersectional determinants of preferences using inductive content analysis.
There are no ethical concerns related to conducting this study. We will share our findings with nursing care practitioners. The results will be presented at conferences and disseminated through peer-reviewed articles and practical publications.
The findings of the study will address the important gaps in knowledge on the complex intersecting factors that influence the preferences of CALDPwD. A key strength of this study is its comprehensive search strategy, which includes multiple databases and citation tracking to capture diverse, intersectional perspectives of CALDPwD. However, excluding the studies focused on caregiver’s burden may limit insights into how care systems shape the needs and expectations of this population.
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