In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is associated with high mortality and serious neurological sequelae. Although medical alert systems have evolved, the ability of these systems to influence changes in IHCA incidence and aetiology remains limited.

Retrospective observational cohort study.

A single tertiary hospital in South Korea, covering tertiary care levels.

A total of 1994 adult patients (≥18 years) who experienced 2121 episodes of IHCA between January 2011 and December 2019. Patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, those aged ≤18 years and those with do-not-resuscitate orders were excluded. The mean age of patients was 63.0 years (SD, 14.6); 64.1% were male.

Not applicable.

The incidence and temporal trends of IHCA were stratified by aetiology (cardiac vs non-cardiac). Additional analyses examined changes in arrhythmic versus non-arrhythmic causes over time using Poisson regression.

Cardiac arrhythmia was the most common cause of IHCA (314 of 2121, 14.8%; incidence: 0.42/1000 admissions), including ventricular tachycardia (n=86), ventricular fibrillation (n=87) and Torsades de Pointes (n=79). Respiratory failure was the second most common cause (266 of 2121, 12.5%; incidence: 0.36/1000 admissions). The incidence of IHCA due to respiratory failure in 2011 was 0.63/1000 admissions, which decreased to 0.20/1000 admissions by 2019 (β=0.883, 95% CI 0.842 to 0.926, p for trend 0.007; Poisson p

IHCA causes have shown significant temporal shifts. Arrhythmia has become the leading cause of IHCA, with incidences remaining stable, whereas a marked decrease has been observed in respiratory-related IHCA. Therefore, enhanced in-hospital cardiac monitoring systems are required for early detection.

Investigate interprofessional medication safety risk management from the perspective of physicians in healthcare settings.

Qualitative, semistructured interview study. Data analysed with an inductive content analysis.

Wellbeing Services County in Central Finland.

17 physicians working in different healthcare settings or specialties.

Physicians’ overall perception of interprofessional medication safety risk management was generally positive. They considered their own responsibility for medication safety as both comprehensive, encompassing the safety of the entire unit and limited, focused primarily on prescribing the correct medication. Organisational barriers to participating in medication safety promotion comprised insufficient healthcare resources and unclear distribution of tasks and responsibilities. Personal barriers included prioritisation of clinical work, considering medication safety as an administrative task and experiencing the process to be slow and complex. Strong leadership, increased visibility of medication safety, framing the topic positively, targeted education and fostering physicians’ intrinsic motivation were identified as means to increase physicians’ participation in medication safety risk management.

This study emphasises the importance of integrating physicians into interprofessional, systems-based medication safety risk management as a core element of high-quality care. Despite recognising their broad role, physicians face barriers such as organisational constraints and limited identification with medication safety advocacy. Addressing these challenges requires enhancing their understanding of the medication management and use process and fostering shared responsibility through time allocation and interprofessional leadership structures.

To evaluate the impact of the Medicaid Balancing Incentive Programme (BIP) on long-term services and supports utilisation among older adults, focusing on differences in living arrangements.

Quasi-experimental study using a generalised difference-in-differences approach.

States that participated and completed BIP (treatment group: 18 states) and states that were eligible but did not participate (control group: 17 states).

Older Medicaid beneficiaries from the Health and Retirement Study (2006–2018) across states that participated in BIP and those that did not. A negative control analysis was conducted using non-Medicaid beneficiaries.

We examined the probability of long-term nursing home stays (over 100 days), professional home healthcare and three types of home care services for activities of daily living: paid professional caregiving, paid informal caregiving and unpaid informal caregiving. Analysis was stratified by living arrangement (living alone vs with others).

BIP participation was associated with a 5 percentage point (pp) decrease in long-term nursing home stays among Medicaid beneficiaries living alone (average treatment effect on the treated, ATT=–0.06, 95% CI –0.10 to –0.02; p

BIP contributed to a reduction in institutionalisation for individuals living alone while increasing support for family caregivers in multiperson households. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring long-term care policies to the specific needs of populations based on their living arrangements.