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‘Can't Escape’—Survivors' Perspectives and Experiences of Psychological Detachment While Living With a Stoma: A Descriptive Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT

Aim

To explore survivors' perspectives and experiences of psychological detachment while living with a stoma.

Design

A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. This study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.

Methods

A total of 15 semi-structured interviews were conducted between February 2024 and May 2024. The phenomenological method proposed by Colaizzi was used to analyze the data.

Results

Four major themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Trapped in the Persistent Impact of Dual Traumas: Struggles with Adaptation; (2) Trapped by the Unrelenting Burden of Stoma Care: A Cycle of Powerlessness; (3) Trapped by the Shackles of a Stigmatised Identity: The Dilemma of Social Reintegration; and (4) Divergent Pathways of Detachment: Navigating Between Immersion and Transcendence. Within the main themes, eight subthemes were formulated.

Conclusion

This study thoroughly explored and elucidated the psychological detachment experiences of colorectal cancer survivors with a stoma, revealing its key role in mental health recovery and psychosocial rehabilitation and informing clinical interventions.

Implications for Practice

The study suggests that healthcare staff should guide survivors in drawing a clear boundary between stoma care and their personal life, encourage any correction of erroneous social cognition, and promote the positive development of psychological detachment among survivors.

Impact

This study explored the challenges of psychological detachment in stoma survivors, identifying key barriers like trauma, care burden, role misconceptions, and varying detachment levels. The findings can guide healthcare providers in supporting survivors' mental well-being and inform better survivorship care strategies.

Patient or Public Contribution

There was no patient or public contribution.

Mobile phone MIMO antenna array miniaturization-based low SAR research in the combined EMF

by Wen-Qi Hou, Yu-Xin Li, Ming-Fei Luo, Wen-Ying Zhou, Mai Lu

Due to the diversification of media functions of mobile phones, users can make calls and access the internet simultaneously, which has significantly increased the usage time of mobile phones. The exposure dose of the users in the combined electromagnetic fields (EMF) should be further quantified to better evaluate the public exposure safety. Different from most conventional EMF safety studies that only focus on a single frequency, this work not only discusses the mobile phone simultaneously operated in fourth-generation (4G) and fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications radiation impact on users, but also verifies that the miniaturized mobile phone multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array can significantly reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) absorbed by users. In this article, a miniaturized mobile phone MIMO antenna array is employed as the radiation source, and multi-pose human models are established to simulate the practical utilization of a smartphone. A systematic analysis of the SAR absorbed by the human model is conducted in both single and combined EMF scenarios. The results indicate that the peak SAR in various tissues under multi-frequency exposure is 1.02 to 15.85 times higher than that under single-frequency exposure.

Abnormal Time and Space Experiences Among Transitional‐Age Youth With a Major Depressive Disorder: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT

Aim

To explore the abnormal experiences of time and space among transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder.

Design

A descriptive phenomenological qualitative study.

Methods and Setting

The study was conducted at a psychiatric hospital in China. Purposive sampling was used to recruit transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's method.

Findings

Seventeen participants were interviewed. The abnormal experiences of time and space among transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder were synthesised into five overarching themes: (1) Disturbance of Time Order; (2) Slackening of the Flow of Time; (3) Vital Inhibition; (4) Desynchronisation of Social Rhythms; and (5) Disturbance of Lived Space.

Conclusions

This study highlights that pervasive abnormalities in temporal and spatial experiences characterise transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder. These disturbances shape their sense of self, personal development, relationships and engagement with the world, underscoring the need for interventions that address these temporal and spatial disturbances within the context of developmental transition.

Impact

This study addresses a knowledge gap regarding the subjective experience of time and space among transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder. This study highlights that transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder experience desynchronisation across temporal, spatial, bodily and social domains. Moreover, the desynchronisation of social rhythms appears to be a unique and developmentally salient challenge for transitional-age youth with major depressive disorder. These insights expand phenomenological understandings of major depressive disorder and highlight the developmental vulnerabilities of major depressive disorder as it navigates this critical life phase.

Patient or Public Contribution

Five participants were involved in reviewing and providing feedback on the interview content and results. Their contributions included enhancing the authenticity and credibility of the findings.

Reporting Method

The study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines.

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