Associations Between Workplace Violence and Work Performance Among Nurses: A Longitudinal Study Based on Affective Events Theory

ABSTRACT

Aim

This study aims to examine the chain-mediating effects of affective reactions and burnout on the relationship between workplace violence and work performance among nurses while distinguishing between physical and psychological violence.

Design

A longitudinal study was conducted between October 2020 and October 2022. The study took place in four tertiary hospitals of Shandong Province, China. A total of 1086 nurses were recruited.

Methods

Workplace psychological violence, workplace physical violence, work performance, affective reactions (including anxiety and depressive symptoms) and burnout were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Data were analysed using multiple linear regressions and structural equation modelling on SPSS and AMOS.

Reporting Method

The STROBE checklist was used for this study.

Results

Workplace psychological violence, but not physical violence, was associated with nurses' work performance. Burnout mediates the relationship between workplace psychological violence and work performance. Affective reactions and burnout play serial intermediary roles in the relationship between workplace psychological violence and work performance.

Conclusions

Interventions aimed at reducing anxiety, depressive symptoms, and burnout among nurses who have experienced psychological violence may enhance their work performance.

Practical Implications

Hospital administrators should prioritise the development of strategies to prevent psychological violence (e.g., anti-bullying training and counselling support) and enhance nurse performance through burnout screening and targeted interventions.

Limitations

This study was conducted in Shandong Province, China, and relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to social desirability bias.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.