Conectar
by Xiuxin Liu, Yuhui Han, Ruixue Kuang, Wenjiong Sheng, Yan Zhang, Xinyu Jia, Xiaoxiao Gao, Yanchao Ma
DNA damage-induced by radiotherapy is a critical factor in promoting the death of colorectal cancer cells (CRC). Although high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) reportedly plays a vital role in tumor radioresistance by modulating DNA damage repair, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, HMGB1 knockdown markedly enhanced cell apoptosis after radiation. HMGB1 downregulation significantly inhibited DNA damage repair and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated redox homeostasis after irradiation in CRC cells. Mechanistically, HMGB1 interacts with KU70 via its region spanning residues 95–163. This interaction subsequently activates the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway to facilitate DNA damage repair, ultimately leading to reduced radiation-induced cell apoptosis. KU70 silencing showed the same effect as HMGB1 depletion mediated cell apoptosis and DNA damage response both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, HMGB1 and KU70 were overexpressed in CRC tissues. Analysis of the GEPIA database indicated that elevated levels of both genes showed a trend toward association with poor patient prognosis, although this did not reach statistical significance. The current study revealed that HMGB1 may promote DNA damage repair through KU70 and its mediated NHEJ pathway to affect apoptosis in CRC cells after irradiation. Thus, targeting the HMGB1/KU70/NHEJ axis may be a potential therapeutic target to promote the response of CRC to radiotherapy and in-depth study of the specific mechanism of this axis in CRC radioresistance will help to the develop more effective treatment strategies.To explore the relationship between sleep and cognitive frailty in older adults.
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched from inception to October 28, 2024.
Two investigators independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were used to evaluate methodological quality. This review followed PRISMA guidelines.
This review included 13 articles involving 14,223 individuals, and 10 studies included in the meta-analysis. Across 13 studies, the overall prevalence of cognitive frailty was 25%. Sleep problems were categorised into four categories; the results reported that poor sleep quality, long sleep time and insomnia were correlated with the presence of cognitive frailty. However, the relationship between short sleep time and cognitive frailty was not significant.
This review quantitatively suggested that sleep parameters such as long sleep time, insomnia and poor sleep quality were correlated with the presence of cognitive frailty. Future research should adopt longitudinal designs and use validated instruments to measure both quantitative and qualitative aspects of sleep, thereby facilitating a thorough examination of the strength of the relationship between sleep and cognitive frailty, as well as the direction of causality.
The review highlights the need to integrate comprehensive sleep assessments and targeted interventions into nursing care plans for older adults to enhance their sleep health. The findings will provide support for the development of effective interventions to prevent and manage cognitive frailty in the older population.
No patient or public contribution.
To refine fall risk assessment scale among older adults with cognitive impairment in nursing homes.
A cross-sectional survey.
Mokken analysis was conducted to refine the assessment scale based on unidimensionality, local independence, monotonicity, dimensionality, and reliability. Data were gathered from cognitively impaired older adults in a nursing home from January to February 2023. Trained nursing assistants conducted face-to-face assessments and reviewed medical records to administer the scale.
Emotion and State Dimension did not meet unidimensionality criteria (H = 0.14), particularly item Q9, which also violated local independence. Monotonicity analysis showed all items exhibited monotonic increases. After refinement at c = 0.3, the scale consists of nine items. With increasing c-values, the first seven items were ultimately retained to form the final version of the scale. Both optimised scales (9-item and 7-item) satisfied reliability requirements, with all coefficients (Cronbach's α, Guttman's lambda-2, Molenaar-Sijtsma, Latent Class Reliability Coefficient) ≥ 0.74.
The scale is suitable for assessing fall risk among older adults with cognitive impairment, with a unidimensional scale of the first seven items recommended for practical use. Future efforts should refine the scale by exploring additional risk factors, especially emotion-related ones.
The refined 7-item scale provides nursing home staff with a practical, reliable tool for assessing fall risk in cognitively impaired older adults, enabling targeted prevention strategies to enhance safety and reduce injuries.
The refined 7-item scale provides nursing home staff with a reliable, practical, and scientifically validated tool specifically designed for assessing fall risk in older adults with cognitive impairment. Its simplicity enables efficient integration into routine clinical workflows, empowering caregivers to proactively identify risk factors and implement timely, targeted interventions. This approach directly enhances resident safety by translating assessment results into actionable prevention strategies within daily care practices.
This study was reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines.
No Patient or Public Contribution.
by Wen-Qi Hou, Yu-Xin Li, Ming-Fei Luo, Wen-Ying Zhou, Mai Lu
Due to the diversification of media functions of mobile phones, users can make calls and access the internet simultaneously, which has significantly increased the usage time of mobile phones. The exposure dose of the users in the combined electromagnetic fields (EMF) should be further quantified to better evaluate the public exposure safety. Different from most conventional EMF safety studies that only focus on a single frequency, this work not only discusses the mobile phone simultaneously operated in fourth-generation (4G) and fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications radiation impact on users, but also verifies that the miniaturized mobile phone multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array can significantly reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) absorbed by users. In this article, a miniaturized mobile phone MIMO antenna array is employed as the radiation source, and multi-pose human models are established to simulate the practical utilization of a smartphone. A systematic analysis of the SAR absorbed by the human model is conducted in both single and combined EMF scenarios. The results indicate that the peak SAR in various tissues under multi-frequency exposure is 1.02 to 15.85 times higher than that under single-frequency exposure.by Xin Ling, Ziyan Hao, Yixuan Shi, Yuting Li, Kehan Wang, Yunshan Zhang, Yue Wang
The diversity of microbiota and metabolites plays a key role in regulating metabolism, host immune response, neurobehavioral effects and detoxification mechanism in the digestive tract gut. Formaldehyde (FA) affects the gastrointestinal tract and its microbiota, whereas ascorbic acid (VC) improves gut health and selectively promotes microbial growth. In this study, we employed 16S rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics approaches to investigate these interactions. Our results demonstrated that Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lactobacillus, Ligilactobacillus, Clostridiales_unclassified, and other microflora significantly decreased following FA exposure, whereas the intestinal flora changed in the exact opposite way following VC administration. And compared with FA group, the number of 492 ions were regulated, in which 382 feature was up-regulated and 304 feature was down-regulated in FA + 150 mg VC group. In addition, a correlation between gut microbiota and metabolites was observed. These results reveal the effects of FA or VC on the gastrointestinal tract and its microbiota, and our understanding in the treatment of FA-induced damage to the digestive tract.To explore the latent categories and influencing factors of dyadic decision self-efficacy among stroke patients and their caregivers.
A cross-sectional survey involving 305 patient-caregiver pairs was conducted using standardised questionnaires. Latent profile analysis was used to identify dyadic self-efficacy categories and multinomial logistic regression was employed to analyse influencing factors.
The dyadic decision self-efficacy of stroke patients and their caregivers was classified into three categories: low common decision self-efficacy group (35.6%), patients' high decision self-efficacy and caregivers' moderate decision self-efficacy group (38.6%), and high common decision self-efficacy group (25.8%). Influencing factors included patients' education level, income and health literacy, as well as caregivers' education, caregiving duration and social support.
The levels of dyadic decision self-efficacy among stroke patients and their caregivers are heterogeneous. Clinicians can develop targeted interventions involving both patients and caregivers, based on the population's characteristics and influencing factors, to improve their dyadic decision self-efficacy.
This study was conducted and reported in accordance with the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines.
Cognitive decline, including subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia, significantly affects social participation, leading to social isolation and reduced quality of life. Enhancing social participation through interventions may mitigate these effects, yet evidence on intervention effectiveness and mechanisms remains inconsistent.
To evaluate the effectiveness of social participation interventions for individuals with cognitive decline and identify effective behavior change techniques (BCTs) supporting social participation.
Our search using the following databases—PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang—was conducted until October 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. Meta-analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata18, and the certainty of evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.
Sixteen RCTs involving 2190 participants were included. Music therapy (SMD = 0.62, 95% CI [0.15, 1.10]) and reminiscence therapy (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI [0.02, 0.66]) demonstrated significant positive effects on social participation. Group-based interventions were particularly effective (SMD = 0.23, 95% CI [0.04, 0.43]). Commonly used BCTs included goal setting, behavioral practice/rehearsal, and social support. However, substantial heterogeneity and limited data on SCD and MCI restricted generalizability.
Interventions promoting social participation may enhance engagement for individuals with cognitive decline, particularly through music therapy, reminiscence therapy, and group-based formats. The complexity and dynamic nature of social interaction require individuals to engage and integrate various cognitive functions and skills, which can present significant challenges for older adults with cognitive impairments in their daily social participation. Further research is needed to optimize intervention components and address gaps in targeting early cognitive decline stages.
To explore the association between psychological capital and psychological distress in stroke patient–spouse dyads and examine the mediating effect of relationship satisfaction in this association.
A population of 207 stroke patient-spouse dyads completed the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Quality of Relationship Index, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. A dyadic analysis was conducted using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model.
In stroke-affected couples, a noteworthy interaction exists between moderately elevated levels of psychological capital (p < 0.01). Patients exhibit significantly diminished psychological capital and heightened psychological distress compared to their spouses (t = −5.429, p < 0.001; t = 2.536, p < 0.05). Conversely, there is no significant variance in relationship satisfaction between patients and the partners (t = −0.920, p > 0.05). Patient relationship satisfaction acts as a mediator in the correlation between dyadic psychological capital and patient psychological distress (β = −0.020, p < 0.05; β = −0.011, p < 0.05). Similarly, spousal relationship satisfaction serves as a mediator in the connection between dyadic psychological capital and spousal psychological distress (β = −0.011, p < 0.05; β = −0.020, p < 0.05).
Psychological distress was reduced when psychological capital or relationship satisfaction in stroke dyads was promoted, and relationship satisfaction is an important mediator of the impact of psychological capital on psychological distress in the dyads. Healthcare providers should pay equal attention to spouses and implement dyadic psychological capital interventions centered on stroke couples to enhance relationship satisfaction and reduce psychological distress.
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