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The diagnosis of cancer results in psychophysiological distress in patients, significantly reducing quality of life (QoL). Currently, self-management interventions based on e-health have been used to improve QoL among cancer patients, but the overall effects remain inconsistent.
To assess the impact of self-management interventions based on e-health on the QoL of cancer patients.
Studies were retrieved from six databases up to November 6, 2024. The methodological quality assessment was performed via ROB 2. Data synthesis and subgroup analyses were performed in Review Manager 5.3. Meta-regression was conducted using Stata 15.0.
Thirty RCTs were included. The results of meta-analysis revealed self-management interventions based on e-health significantly improved QoL (SMD = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.28, p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses showed that long-term, mixed-mode, theory-supported, or facilitator-supervised interventions were more effective, with greater improvements in QoL observed among patients with breast cancer than among other types.
Self-management interventions based on e-health were valuable supplements for enhancing the QoL of cancer patients. Intervention duration, delivery modes, cancer types, theoretical frameworks, and facilitators' involvement should be considered in the design of future interventions. However, additional high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD420251017709)
Non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) have been shown to be effective in reducing fatigue, depression, and improving quality of life (QoL) in patients with lung cancer. However, given the diversity of NPIs, the most effective intervention remains to be confirmed.
To compare the efficacy of different NPIs in reducing fatigue, depression, and improving QoL in patients with lung cancer.
Six databases were searched from inception to May 10, 2025. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. A pairwise meta-analysis and a network meta-analysis were performed sequentially to determine the efficacy of different NPIs in improving fatigue, depression, and QoL in patients with lung cancer.
A total of 58 studies involving 13 NPIs were included. The top three NPIs for reducing fatigue were acupuncture, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and nutritional intervention. Meanwhile, ACT, cognitive behavioral therapy, and body–mind-spirit intervention ranked among the top three in improving depression. ACT emerged as the most effective intervention in improving QoL, followed by nutritional intervention and mind–body exercise.
This study revealed the efficacy ranking of different NPIs in reducing fatigue, depression, and improving QoL in patients with lung cancer. Clinical healthcare professionals should be encouraged to utilize these potentially effective NPIs to improve health outcomes in patients with lung cancer.
Registration Number: PROSPERO (CRD420251087360)
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