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This study aims to assess the correlation between antipsychotic drug use, psychological distress and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with schizophrenia.
A cross-sectional correlational design was used to obtain data from 143 patients with schizophrenia who were conveniently selected. Data were collected by assessing selected cardiovascular risk indicators blood pressure (BP), random blood sugar (RBS), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and waist circumference (WC). A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data, clinical history and the 18-item Psychological Stress Index for patients with schizophrenia.
The use of antipsychotics was associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors including BP, BMI and WtHR. Atypical antipsychotic medications were associated with weight gain and obesity which increase the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Age was significantly correlated with systolic BP (r = 0.31), diastolic BP (r = 0.30) and RBS (r = 0.26). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between the duration of diagnosis with systolic (r = 0.26) and diastolic (r = 0.21) BP. None of the correlations between stress and the other study variables were significant.
Screening of antipsychotic side effects is needed in the early phases, and attention must be paid to the cardiovascular risk in patients with schizophrenia, particularly BP, glucose level and BMI. In addition, clinicians should be informed of this evidence to set guidelines for regular monitoring of metabolic parameters.
STROBE guidelines were followed in this study.
Actively involving patients in data collection, this study ensured that their voices were heard and their experiences were central to informing the research findings. In addition, involving patients in the study would enhance the relevance and applicability of the study's conclusions to real-world contexts, promoting patient-centered care and improved health outcomes for patients with schizophrenia.
A model was hypothesised by integrating two theoretical models: the compassion satisfaction-compassion fatigue and empowerment models. This study aimed to assess the extent to which this integrated model can explain the relationships between paediatric nurses' burnout quality of life, perceived patient safety and work-related variables during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Nurses' burnout is negatively associated with quality of life (QOL) and positively with patient safety. Several theoretical models were introduced to explain burnout determinants and outcomes such as Golembiewski, Munzenrider and Stevenson model, Leiter and Maslach's process model, and Lee and Ashforth's model. However, few models described burnout in relation to QOL or patient safety.
A sample of 225 paediatric nurses responded to questionnaires about burnout, QOL, adverse events and work-related variables. Compassion satisfaction - compassion fatigue and empowerment models were integrated into a single model and tested using structural equation modelling analysis. This study was prepared and is reported according to the STROBE checklist.
The final model explained 65% of the variance of burnout and 37% of the variance of QOL. The work-related variables (co-workers' support, job satisfaction, satisfaction with the monthly salary, participation in continuous education and exposure to violence) are predicting paediatric nurses' burnout and quality of life.
The Compassion satisfaction - compassion fatigue -Empowerment integrated model allows for assessing the different paths in the relationship between work-related variables and burnout.
These results might be essential for nursing managers to develop strategies that improve nurses' work environment and minimise their burnout during COVID-19 pandemic. These strategies should focus on enhancing co-workers' support, job satisfaction and participation in continuous education. Furthermore, paediatric nurses should be protected from any violence.
Mental distress, non-specific symptoms of depression and anxiety, is common in chronic pelvic pain (CPP). It contributes to poor recovery. Women's health nurses operate in multidisciplinary teams to facilitate the assessment and treatment of CPP. However, valid cut-off points for identifying highly distressed patients are lacking, entailing a gap in CPP management.
This instrumental cross-sectional study identified a statistically derived cut-off score for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-8 (DASS-8) among 214 Australian women with CPP (mean age = 33.3, SD = 12.4, range = 13–71 years).
Receiver operator characteristic curve, decision trees and K-means clustering techniques were used to examine the predictive capacity of the DASS-8 for psychiatric comorbidity, pain severity, any medication intake, analgesic intake and sexual abuse. The study is prepared according to the STROBE checklist.
Cut-off points resulting from the analysis were ordered ascendingly. The median (13.0) was chosen as an optimal cut-off score for predicting key outcomes. Women with DASS-8 scores below 15.5 had higher analgesic intake.
CPP women with a DASS-8 score above 13.0 express greater pain severity, psychiatric comorbidity and polypharmacy. Thus, they may be a specific target for nursing interventions dedicated to alleviating pain through the management of associated co-morbidities.
At a cut-off point of 13.0, the DASS-8 may be a practical instrument for recommending a thorough clinician-based examination for psychiatric comorbidity to facilitate adequate CPP management. It may be useful for evaluating patients' response to nursing pain management efforts. Replications of the study in different populations/countries are warranted.
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