This study aimed to measure the level of phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) and its correlation with anaemia in ischaemic heart failure (HF) patients.

A prospective cohort study.

The study was conducted at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

A total of 89 ischaemic heart failure (IHD) patients confirmed by symptoms, echocardiography and coronary angiography and 75 healthy controls were enrolled (all aged≥18 years).

The primary outcome was the association between serum PAGln levels and low haemoglobin (HGB). The secondary outcome was to explore the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalisations during 1 year of follow-up.

The PAGln levels were significantly higher in IHD patients compared with the control population (716 (440–1097) vs 411 (202–697) ng/mL, p

In HF patients with IHD, the elevated PAGln levels were related to reduced HGB. Additionally, the increased PAGln concentrations with low HGB were linked to poor HF endpoint events.