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Exploring the potential relationships among moral distress (MD), general health (GH) levels, secondary traumatic stress (STS) and levels of empathy within nursing personnel is of specific interest.
This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of MD and its associations with GH, STS, and empathy levels among nurses employed in eight public hospitals across the Attica Basin in Greece.
Between January and March 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing staff working in surgical, medical, and psychiatric units of 6 public hospitals and 2 psychiatric institutions in the Attica Basin. Respondents completed the validated Greek versions of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professionals, the 28-item General Health Questionnaire, and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Participants were asked to complete a paper-pencil data sheet consisting of 27 sociodemographic questions.
A total of 267 out of 350 distributed questionnaires were completed and returned, corresponding to a response rate of 76.3%. The findings showed that nurses experienced moderate MD in both frequency and intensity, moderate-to-high GH and empathy, and moderate levels of STS. Psychiatric nurses reported lower STS and better GH than their counterparts in general hospital settings. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between increased STS and deterioration in GH. A rise in the frequency of MD is significantly linked to an increase in its intensity.
Incorporating proven screening methods, programs that build resilience, supportive workplace cultures, ongoing evaluations over time, and peer support systems creates a complete approach to lowering moral distress and secondary traumatic stress, improving nurse well-being, maintaining work efficiency, and enhancing the overall safety and quality of healthcare services.
Pre-eclampsia (PEC) is a morbid and potentially lethal complication of pregnancy and is more common in women with risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune disease, kidney disease or multifetal pregnancies. Low dose aspirin (ASA) is currently the only prophylactic therapy known to decrease PEC in this patient population. However, currently, there is no prospective literature comparing various low-dose ASA formulations in the risk reduction of PEC. In the USA, the currently available low-dose ASA is over-the-counter and found in 81 mg tablets. Therefore, when clinicians initiate low-dose ASA therapy, they may prescribe one or two tablets of 81 mg per day without comparative evidence to guide their decision. Our objective is to prospectively compare pregnant patients on 81 mg vs 162 mg of ASA and determine a possible dose response in the prevention of PEC.
We designed a pragmatic phase 3 prospective randomised open label blinded-end point clinical trial with parallel assignment between two groups of pregnant people at high risk for PEC, as defined by the US Preventive Services Task Force and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). The primary outcome is the incidence of preterm (
Our research protocol and safety monitoring protocol have been approved by the Weill Cornell Medicine institutional review board (IRB) and the Office of Human Research Protection. Evaluation for adverse events will be monitored throughout the study period. Adverse events will be assessed at each study visit.
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