Development of <i>Health Enhancement Lifestyle Profile - Taiwanese Short Form Version (HELP-T-SF)</i> for the community-dwelling elderly

by Pei-Chi Su, Hui-Fen Mao, Wen-Chen Cheng

Background

The Health Enhancement Lifestyle Profile - Taiwan Version (HELP-T) assesses the lifestyle profiles of the older adults through participation in activities across seven domains: exercise, diet, social and productive activities, leisure, activities of daily living, stress management and spiritual participation, and other health behaviors. This study aimed to develop a short form of HELP-T (HELP-T-SF) to reduce assessment time and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods

This three-phase study comprised item reduction using archival data (2012–2013), field testing (n = 223; 2023), and psychometric evaluation (n = 117; 2024) among community-dwelling older adults. Data collection included the HELP-T-SF, original HELP-T, WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and quality-of-life questions. Analysis employed classical test theory.

Results

The finalized HELP-T-SF, consisting of 20 items. Internal consistency for the total score was Cronbach’s α = 0.78 (95% CI: 0.54 to 0.89); test–retest reliability over 7–14 days was ICC (3,1) = 0.78 (95% CI: 0.54 to 0.89); correlation with the long form was r = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.56 to 0.86). Convergent validity showed moderate correlations with well-being and quality of life. The short form reduced assessment time to 10–15 minutes.

Conclusions

The HELP-T-SF is a valid tool for assessing lifestyle profiles in community-dwelling older adults, assisting practitioners in lifestyle medicine for understanding older adults’s lifestyle profile, setting client-centered goals and designing personalized lifestyle interventions.

Nurses' Perceptions and Experiences of Paediatric Emergence Delirium in the Post‐Anaesthesia Care Unit: An Interpretative Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT

Aim

To explore post-anaesthesia care unit nurses' perceptions and experiences in managing paediatric emergence delirium, and to understand their experiences in implementing the Cornell Assessment of Paediatric Delirium—Traditional Chinese version tool in clinical practice following delirium-focused education.

Methods

This interpretive qualitative study involved 20 nurses in the post-anaesthesia care unit from a medical centre hospital in Taiwan who participated in small group interviews after completing delirium-focused education. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews between October and December 2024 and analysed using a thematic analysis approach.

Findings

Five main themes were identified: (1) First impressions and reflexive actions during emergence delirium, (2) Clinical interpretation through observation and elimination, (3) The dual role of parents in emergence delirium management, (4) Negotiating trust and learning with the delirium screening tool and (5) System-level needs and recommendations. Nurses described the chaotic and emotionally charged nature of emergence delirium episodes, the intuitive yet uncertain interpretive work they performed, the complex influence of parental presence, evolving trust in structured assessment tools and systemic barriers that hindered timely emergence delirium recognition.

Conclusion

Nurses face complex clinical, emotional and relational challenges in managing paediatric emergence delirium. Embedding delirium awareness into practice requires sustained training, screening integration and proactive parental engagement.

Implications for Profession and Patient Care

Findings highlight the need for integrating delirium screening into post-anaesthesia care routines, the need for ongoing education and preparing parents for emergence delirium scenarios to enhance care delivery and safety.

Reporting

The COREQ checklist was used for reporting.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public involvement.

Understanding Health Literacy in Fluid Management in Individuals Receiving Haemodialysis: A Directed Qualitative Content Analysis

ABSTRACT

Aims

To describe the perspectives of individuals receiving haemodialysis regarding health literacy in fluid management.

Design

A qualitative descriptive approach using directed content analysis of interviews from an explanatory mixed methods study.

Methods

Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted from September 2020 to February 2021 with 28 individuals receiving haemodialysis who had attended a prior quantitative study. A directed qualitative content analysis approach was used to identify categories and subcategories emerging from the data.

Results

Six categories of health literacy were identified: (1) active health management, (2) engagement with healthcare providers, (3) understanding and support from healthcare providers, (4) social support, (5) health information literacy and (6) navigation of the healthcare system.

Conclusions

Based on their real-life experience, individuals receiving haemodialysis have unique health literacy needs regarding fluid management. A comprehensive understanding of these unique needs is crucial in creating person-centered interventions to address inadequate fluid restriction.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

Interventions to address inadequate fluid restriction should be person-centered, considering each individual's unique health literacy needs. This involves conducting a comprehensive assessment of individuals' health literacy needs, empowering individuals to actively engage in health, engaging the entire support network and facilitating health information literacy in line with individuals' preferences.

Impact

This study offers detailed insights into the health literacy needs related to fluid management in individuals undergoing haemodialysis. The findings could inform the development of person-centered fluid management strategies for these individuals.

Reporting Method

We adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.