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The research investigated the relationship between servant leadership (SL) and innovative work behavior (IWB) among nurses in Pakistan. It also formulates and hypothesizes a serial mediation model, integrating trust-in leadership (TL) and knowledge sharing (KS) as mediated variables.
Nurses' IWBs are critical for improving patient healthcare quality. Despite their significance, scant research has examined how leadership styles, especially SL, can trigger such behavior in nursing. The paper seeks to fill this gap by examining how SL can enhance innovation among nurses, while accounting for the mediating variables of TL and KS within the Pakistani healthcare system.
A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 269 nurses from hospitals in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. A time-lagged approach to data collection was used to reduce common method bias. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were employed to test the proposed hypothesized relationships using SPSS (version 27) and AMOS (version 23).
The hypotheses revealed a significant impact of the constructs. It was discovered that SL has both direct and indirect positive influences on IWB among nurses through TL and KS. Moreover, the findings support high serial mediation, implying that SL has a positive effect on IWB by first building trust, which then leads to knowledge sharing.
The paper contributes to the literature on servant leadership and innovative work behavior by examining mediating mechanisms within nursing teams in Pakistan. The paper also offers practical implications for nurse managers and hospital administrators on fostering a culture of innovation and trust among nurses.
The findings offer actionable insights for nursing management by demonstrating that adopting a servant leadership style can directly and indirectly enhance nurses' innovative work behaviors. By prioritizing trust-building and fostering a culture of knowledge sharing, nurse managers can stimulate innovation, which is critical for improving patient care quality and overall healthcare outcomes.
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