Conectar
To explore and compare patients' and healthcare professionals' experiences of communication during hospitalisation for neurological diseases.
Effective communication is essential for establishing strong relationships between patients and healthcare professionals, thereby ensuring patient-centred care that respects individual values and preferences. Neurological patients face additional communication challenges due to cognitive and motor deficits, such as speech difficulties and delayed cognitive processing. Limited research has investigated how both patients and healthcare professionals experience communication in this context.
An explorative, qualitative design was applied within a hermeneutic framework inspired by photo-voice methods.
Data were obtained through interviews with patients (n = 12), one focus group discussion with healthcare professionals (n = 10) and six additional interviews with healthcare professionals (n = 6). Interviews were combined with photographs taken during the interviews. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, and the COREQ guideline was applied.
The analysis revealed a main theme: The core of connected care, encompassing three subthemes: Guided alignment, A changing environment and Human before patient. These themes created the foundation for effective, compassionate and humanised care. Participants metaphorically compared this to an aquarium, emphasising that, like an ecosystem, effective communication requires balance between alignment, environment and humanity. This main theme represents the quality of communication between patients with cognitive challenges and their healthcare providers.
This study provides insight into the experiences of communication from both patients and healthcare professionals. Effective communication is important to manage treatment and engage patients in care.
Improving communication, promoting shared decision-making and enhancing the implementation of person-centred care are key strategies for increasing patient outcomes and satisfaction.
None.
To evaluate the research capability of clinical nurses in China and identify the determinants associated with their capability.
As nursing evolves into an increasingly independent discipline, the research capability of clinical nurses has become critical for the development of the profession, advancing evidence-based practice and improving patient care quality.
A multicentre cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling from September 2023 to February 2024, among clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals across three provinces in China. The Nursing Research Capability Self-Assessment Scale was used to assess the research capability of the nurses. Chi-square tests, one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to examine factors associated with research capability. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology was followed.
A total of 1074 clinical nurses participated. The mean research capability score was 89.11 ± 27.69, reflecting a moderate level of research capability. However, two dimensions of research questions and literature review received lower scores. Multiple linear regression analysis identified that education level, professional title, administrative position and nursing job title (all p < 0.05) were independent predictors of research capability.
Clinical nurses exhibit moderate research capability, with notable deficiencies in formulating research questions and conducting literature reviews. Key factors influencing research capability include education, professional title, administrative position, and job title. Targeted training and development programmes should address these factors to enhance nurses' research competence and advance nursing science.
To assess the knowledge and opinions of operating room nurses about artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence technologies play a significant role in improving the quality of care and ensuring patient safety. Operating room nurses play a crucial role in adopting technological innovations and improving patient safety.
A descriptive cross-sectional study.
This study was conducted among 95 nurses working in the operating room departments of a private hospital between December 2023 and March 2024. Data were collected via Google Forms, which included questions about personal information, knowledge about artificial intelligence and opinions about artificial intelligence. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics.
The level of knowledge about artificial intelligence among nurses was high. Social media emerged as the most commonly reported and predominant source of AI-related information, despite being considered unreliable. Nurses widely expressed ethical concerns, particularly regarding issues such as the lack of empathy and potential malfunctions. Nevertheless, many believed that AI could reduce workload and enhance the quality of patient care.
Although nurses have good knowledge about artificial intelligence, they require training to access reliable information. Nurses should be trained on artificial intelligence, and the technology should be integrated in a way that supports their professional roles.
This study, which presents operating room nurses' knowledge and opinions on artificial intelligence, emphasises the need for nurses to receive training in artificial intelligence, highlighting that this will support the integration of artificial intelligence into nursing practices. Consequently, it suggests that the quality of nursing care can be enhanced.
To explore how public health nurses at child and family health clinics work to prevent maltreatment and the experiences of public health nurses in the maltreatment prevention efforts.
Child maltreatment is a serious societal issue with major consequences. Preventive efforts are increasing and have broad political support. A key objective of the child and family health clinic services is to prevent, identify, and stop maltreatment, abuse, and neglect. National clinical guidelines outline, in general terms, how such work should be conducted. However, limited research exists on how public health nurses prevent maltreatment and the effectiveness of their methods.
A qualitative and explorative design was used, based on semi-structured interviews with 14 public health nurses conducted as part of the project ‘Public Health Nurses in Child and Family Clinics' Role in Preventing and Detecting Child Maltreatment’ at Oslo Metropolitan University. The interviews were carried out between August and November 2021. We used qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach to analyse the data.
Three main categories were developed: 1. Structure and system: weaving prevention into daily practice; 2. To dare and endure: a negotiation of courage and understanding, and 3. To empower and uphold: the goal of strengthening and supporting parents. The results show the importance of early intervention, barriers to discussing maltreatment with parents, and the importance of building trust and empowering parents.
Preventing maltreatment is a key part of public health nurses' clinical work, focusing on early risk identification and parental guidance. While building trust with families is prioritised, structural, resource, and guideline-related challenges persist.
This study provides knowledge about Norwegian public health nurses clinical work with child maltreatment at the child and family health clinics, which can serve as a valuable foundation for further research as well as for collaborating services.
EQUATOR guidelines were followed, using the COREQ checklist.
No patient or public contribution.
To refine fall risk assessment scale among older adults with cognitive impairment in nursing homes.
A cross-sectional survey.
Mokken analysis was conducted to refine the assessment scale based on unidimensionality, local independence, monotonicity, dimensionality, and reliability. Data were gathered from cognitively impaired older adults in a nursing home from January to February 2023. Trained nursing assistants conducted face-to-face assessments and reviewed medical records to administer the scale.
Emotion and State Dimension did not meet unidimensionality criteria (H = 0.14), particularly item Q9, which also violated local independence. Monotonicity analysis showed all items exhibited monotonic increases. After refinement at c = 0.3, the scale consists of nine items. With increasing c-values, the first seven items were ultimately retained to form the final version of the scale. Both optimised scales (9-item and 7-item) satisfied reliability requirements, with all coefficients (Cronbach's α, Guttman's lambda-2, Molenaar-Sijtsma, Latent Class Reliability Coefficient) ≥ 0.74.
The scale is suitable for assessing fall risk among older adults with cognitive impairment, with a unidimensional scale of the first seven items recommended for practical use. Future efforts should refine the scale by exploring additional risk factors, especially emotion-related ones.
The refined 7-item scale provides nursing home staff with a practical, reliable tool for assessing fall risk in cognitively impaired older adults, enabling targeted prevention strategies to enhance safety and reduce injuries.
The refined 7-item scale provides nursing home staff with a reliable, practical, and scientifically validated tool specifically designed for assessing fall risk in older adults with cognitive impairment. Its simplicity enables efficient integration into routine clinical workflows, empowering caregivers to proactively identify risk factors and implement timely, targeted interventions. This approach directly enhances resident safety by translating assessment results into actionable prevention strategies within daily care practices.
This study was reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines.
No Patient or Public Contribution.
To explore the experiences of significant others of patients with severe burn injury in the intensive care unit. Specifically, how severe burn injury impacted the significant other and their role within their loved one's life.
This qualitative study employed a Narrative Inquiry approach.
Interviews were undertaken during 2021–2022 with 17 participants who were the significant others of a patient with severe burn injury in the Intensive Care Unit. Recruitment occurred in New South Wales, Australia, from two tertiary hospitals providing care for people with major burns. A narrative inquiry approach was utilised, capturing stories through semi-structured interviews.
Significant others experienced necessary changes in their life in response to the catastrophe. These included advocating, being present and ensuring their loved one's needs were met, while often neglecting themselves. Significant others contemplated their future as a carer to their loved one with severe burn injury, and adjusting their own career, finances and lifestyle, often as a long-term measure. The shifting of their role to carer ultimately transformed and redefined their relationships and lives.
Significant others endure immense trauma when a loved one sustains a severe burn injury. They require support but prioritise the patient by virtue of their critical illness. The life of the significant other is changed as they take on the role of carer and provide support. It is, therefore, imperative that the support needs of significant others are recognised, understood and addressed to ensure their well-being while processing the trauma.
With increased understanding of the significant others' experiences, healthcare providers can adopt a consultative approach, where roles and boundaries can be clearly identified. Through this process, healthcare providers can strengthen rapport and provide targeted support for significant others, as they navigate this traumatic life-altering event.
No patient or public contribution.
To explore the topics and themes covered in published research studies in nursing about neurodegenerative disease, synthesise the available evidence, and discuss future directions.
Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.
A multi-step search strategy was applied across different databases to identify studies published in English or Italian up to September 2023. Data were analysed using a Nursing Data Matrix based on the nursing meta-paradigm and the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) 4D-framework. Screening and data extraction were performed independently by pairs of reviewers; data were extracted and thematically analysed to identify existing research questions and potential priorities.
Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and Embase databases were searched for studies published from 2013 to 2023.
A total of 351 studies met inclusion criteria. The majority of studies originated from the United States (35%). Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease were the most studied conditions, while rare diseases were scarcely represented. Most studies focused on nursing care (39%), with limited attention to rehabilitation (0.8%) and cost-effectiveness (1%). Although 70% of articles included at least one nurse author, 22% lacked any nursing authorship despite addressing nursing-related topics. Thematic and matrix analyses revealed an uneven distribution of research, with a predominance of descriptive studies and limited work in discovery-oriented research.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of nursing research in neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting key themes and gaps. The findings informed the preliminary identification of new nursing research priorities in neurodegenerative diseases to guide future studies and enhance evidence-based nursing care.
The study highlights key trends and gaps in nursing research on neurodegenerative diseases, calling for a more inclusive, equitable, and comprehensive research agenda.
PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct or reporting.
Review registration was done on Open Science Framework, and can be viewed at https://osf.io/tn5v9 (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TN5V9)
To explore the network characteristics of symptom clusters in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus through network analysis, identify the core and bridging symptoms within the symptom network, and provide a foundation for targeted interventions and symptom management in people with T2DM.
A cross-sectional survey.
A total of 360 people with T2DM who were hospitalised in the endocrinology departments of two hospitals with Grade A in Daqing City between August 2024 and February 2025 were selected using a convenience sampling method. The symptoms of people with T2DM were measured using the Chinese version of the Diabetes Symptom Checklist-Revised (DSC-R). Symptom clusters were identified through factor analysis, and network analysis was used to identify core and bridging symptoms. This research adhered to the STROBE guidelines.
Six symptom clusters were obtained from factor analysis, which were psychological-behavioural symptom cluster, ophthalmological-neuropathy symptom cluster, cardiovascular symptom cluster, metabolic symptom cluster, body symptom cluster and nephrotic symptom cluster. Symptom network analysis revealed that ‘Deteriorating vision’ exhibited the highest strength centrality and expected influence. The top three symptoms with the highest bridge strength and bridge expected influence were ‘Aching calves when walking’, ‘Queer feeling in the legs or feet’ and ‘Sleepiness or drowsiness’.
People with T2DM commonly exhibit a range of symptoms. ‘Deteriorating vision’ is the most core symptom in people with T2DM. ‘Aching calves when walking’, ‘Queer feeling in the legs or feet’ and ‘Sleepiness or drowsiness’ are identified as the bridging symptoms in the network analysis. Healthcare professionals can design targeted interventions based on symptom clusters, core symptoms and bridging symptoms, thereby improving the efficiency of symptom management and optimising outcomes for people with T2DM.
No patient or public contribution.
To evaluate the effect of mutuality on self-care in people with CHD and the contribution of their caregivers, and whether such relationships can be mediated by self-efficacy.
Secondary analysis of baseline data from a multi-centre longitudinal study.
Patients at the onset of coronary artery disease who underwent angioplasty, along with their caregivers, were included in the sample. Data from 136 patients and 136 caregivers were used for the analysis. Mutuality between patients and caregivers was measured using the Mutuality Scale. Self-care was measured using the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Index and the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Index. The actor–partner interdependence mediation models were used to assess the mediating role of self-efficacy for self-care between perceived mutuality and self-care behaviours.
An actor indirect effect was found between patient mutuality and their self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management, through the mediation of their self-efficacy. Caregiver mutuality had a positive indirect effect on their contribution to self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management, through the mediation of their self-efficacy. Caregiver mutuality had a positive indirect effect on patient self-care maintenance and on patient self-care monitoring, through the mediation of patient self-efficacy. All models demonstrated satisfactory fit to the data.
Mutuality between patients and caregivers enhances self-care behaviours in patients with coronary heart disease, and self-efficacy is a crucial mediator in this relationship. Interventions targeting both mutuality and self-efficacy within patient–caregiver dyads may improve self-care outcomes.
We adhered to STROBE guidelines.
Patients and members of the public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.
To investigate psychological distress trajectories in surgical lung cancer patients and their influencing factors, and explore the impact of trajectories on quality of life (QoL).
Prospective longitudinal study.
Data from 324 patients at a Chinese tertiary hospital were collected within 48 h of admission (T0), 3 days after surgery (T1), 2 weeks (T2), 3 months (T3), 6 months (T4) and 1 year after discharge (T5). Latent class growth models identified psychological distress trajectories, logistic regression analysed their influencing factors, and linear regression analysed the effects of psychological distress trajectories on QoL.
Psychological distress peaked at T1, then decreased steadily. Three trajectories emerged: low-level stable group (Class 1, 45.06%), intermediate-level decreased group (Class 2, 39.51%) and high-level stable group (Class 3, 15.43%). Compared with Class 1, Class 3 was predicted by surgical modality, lymph node metastasis, postoperative adjuvant therapy, symptom burden, anxiety and self-efficacy, while Class 2 was predicted by surgical modality, postoperative adjuvant therapy and self-efficacy. Furthermore, psychological distress trajectories negatively predicted QoL.
Surgical lung cancer patients experience an initial increase in psychological distress, followed by a gradual decline, with three distinct trajectories. Surgical modality, lymph node metastasis, and postoperative adjuvant therapy, symptom burden, anxiety and self-efficacy were the major influencing factors of psychological distress trajectories. Persistent distress adversely impacts QoL, underscoring the need for early, personalised psychological interventions to improve long-term outcomes.
To analyse the incidence of physical restraint use during painful and stressful procedures in hospitalised children, as well as the factors associated with its use.
Observational, longitudinal and prospective study.
Children aged between 28 days and 10 years in a public hospital in Brazil were each observed undergoing clinical procedures over a 6-h period. Data were collected on demographics, observed pain using validated measures, stress behaviours, and the use of physical restraint. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. National ethical guidelines were strictly followed.
1210 procedures were observed on 75 children, including 351 painful and 859 stressful procedures. Physical restraint was used in 270 (22.3%) procedures; of these, 131 (48.5%) were painful procedures and 139 (51.5%) were stressful procedures. In stressful procedures, at least one stress-related behaviour was observed before the initiation of physical restraint. Factors associated with increased use of physical restraint during painful procedures were younger children, with higher levels of care dependency, higher pain scores during procedures, and those who underwent intravenous medication administration, airway suctioning, tube insertion, and fixation changes. In stressful procedures, the factors associated with higher use of physical restraint were younger children, hospitalisation due to respiratory conditions, those who underwent physical examinations, inhaled medication, and nasal lavage; and the child's expression of stress behaviour before the procedure starts. Predictors of physical restraint included morning period, younger age group, male or female sex, and transfer from the Intensive Care Unit.
A high incidence of physical restraints was observed across multiple painful and stressful procedures performed within a 6-h period, associated with variables related to both the child's characteristics and the procedures.
This study aims to encourage reconsideration of the frequent use of physical restraint in paediatric procedures, calling for a reframing of its application as an unquestioned practice toward an approach that prioritises protecting and respecting a child as a subject with needs, rights, and desires.
Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).
To quantify how specific patient-level characteristics influence the actual amount of mobilisation received during ICU care, thereby identifying key predictors to support individualised mobilisation strategies.
A prospective observational study was conducted in four tertiary hospitals among a convenience sample of 141 critically ill patients from July to November 2023. Data on mobilisation and patient characteristics were collected using standardised data collection tools, including a mobilisation log and a demographic information sheet. Data were analysed using non-parametric tests, Spearman correlation analysis, and multivariate regression to examine associations between early mobilisation and patient-related factors.
Males and surgical patients engaged in more activity (p < 0.001). Muscle strength (r = 0.568, p < 0.001) and haemoglobin levels (r = 0.207, p = 0.014) were positively associated with mobilisation, while higher disease severity (r = −0.321, p < 0.001) and greater pain (r = −0.284, p < 0.001) were linked to reduced activity. Muscle strength, disease severity, surgical status, and sex were independent predictors, explaining 32.5% of the variance.
Early mobilisation in the ICU is influenced by various patient-related factors. Protocols should be tailored to individual patient profiles to enhance outcomes.
This study provides guidance for ICU clinicians to develop targeted mobilisation strategies that consider patients' specific clinical profiles. Tailored approaches may help optimise early mobilisation practices and patient outcomes.
In recent years, the critical role of health literacy in diabetes management has become increasingly prominent. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of social support on health literacy among patients with diabetes, to test the mediating role of self-efficacy and empowerment between social support and health literacy, and the moderating role of eHealth literacy.
A cross-sectional study conducted between August 2023 and June 2024.
This study adopted the cluster sampling method and conducted a questionnaire survey among 251 patients with diabetes in a tertiary hospital in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The questionnaires included the Social Support Rating Scale, the Self-Efficacy for Diabetes scale, the Health Empowerment Scale, the eHealth Literacy Scale and the Diabetes Health Literacy Scale.
Social support was positively associated with health literacy in patients with diabetes. Self-efficacy and empowerment mediated the relationship and formed chained mediation pathways respectively. eHealth literacy has a moderating role between self-efficacy and empowerment.
The results revealed that social support influences health literacy among patients with diabetes through the mediating pathways of self-efficacy and empowerment, and that this process is moderated by eHealth literacy. These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical insights for improving health literacy among patients with diabetes.
Enhancing health literacy among people with diabetes by strengthening social support, self-efficacy and empowerment levels, while focusing on the technology-enabling role of eHealth literacy in this context.
This study adheres to the relevant EQUATOR guidelines based on the STROBE cross-sectional reporting method.
We thank all patients who participated in the study for their understanding and support.
To extract and interpret quantitative data exploring the effectiveness of family health conversations (FHCs) on family functioning, perceived support, health-related quality of life, caregiver burden and family health in families living with critical or chronic health conditions.
Addressing the health of families affected by critical or chronic illnesses requires focused attention. The effective integration of FHCs is hampered by a scarcity of rigorous quantitative studies that provide solid evidence on best practices and outcomes.
A systematic review following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.
The review is reported according to the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Appropriate studies were searched in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane Databases. Results of the search were imported into the Covidence web-based program. Included were studies with a quantitative research design, delivered to families with critical or chronic health conditions, describing FHCs based on the Calgary Family Assessment Model and/or the Calgary Family Intervention Model, and/or the Illness Beliefs Model, using reliable and validated instruments, published between 2008 and 2023, and written in English.
In total, 24 papers met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen papers used a quasi-experimental design, eight of which included a control group. Two papers used a mixed methods design, and six papers were randomised controlled trials (RCTs). A statistically significant effect of FHCs on family functioning was reported in two RCTs and three quasi-experimental papers. We also found that a statistically significant effect of FHCs was reported on perceived support in 9 of 15 papers, quality of life in 4 of 11 papers and caregiver burden in 1 of 3 papers.
The interventions reviewed revealed variability and partial results concerning the effectiveness of FHCs on family functioning. More rigorous research about short-term, intermediate- and long-term effectiveness is needed before conclusions can be drawn.
The study is reported according to the PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) (File S1).
No patient or public contribution. Data were gathered from previously published studies.
To investigate the effects of active involvement of family caregivers in adult in-hospital care on patients' readmissions, complications, mortality, length of hospital stay, quality of life, psychological distress and activities of daily living, as well as on the satisfaction of patients, HCPs and family caregivers.
Systematic review.
Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, Cochrane Library (from inception to February 2024).
The PRISMA 2020 statement was followed. Prospective controlled studies focusing on active involvement of family caregivers in adult in-hospital care were included. Two independent teams of authors conducted study selection, quality assessment and data extraction.
Thirteen studies were included, comprising 11 randomised controlled trials. The clinical and methodological heterogeneity precluded a meta-analysis. Six of these studies were performed in stroke patients. Some studies reported statistically significant benefits of active family involvement on readmission rates, hospital LOS, ADL, psychological distress for patients and family members, QoL and satisfaction of family caregivers. However, others did not observe differences in these outcomes. For complication rates, mortality and satisfaction of patients and HCPs, no studies demonstrated significant differences between groups.
Further research is needed to provide a conclusive answer as to whether active family caregiver involvement improves outcomes of adult hospitalised patients.
Despite the inconclusive findings of this review, advocating for active involvement of family caregivers in adult in-hospital care fits the perspective of patient- and family-centred care.
As the care of hospitalised adults is shifting to a more family-centric approach, investigating the effects of an active role of family caregivers in adult in-hospital care is necessary. However, the small number of studies available and heterogeneity between studies included in this review hamper firm conclusions. Further evaluations through well-designed studies are required.
To conduct a concept analysis of ‘safe mobility’, with specific application in hospitalised older adults, identifying its defining attributes, antecedents and consequences.
The promotion of safe mobility is essential for maintaining the functionality of hospitalised older adults. However, this idea is not yet clearly defined in the scientific literature, requiring a conceptual analysis for better understanding and applicability in nursing practice.
Concept analysis.
The concept analysis methodology of Walker and Avant was employed, consisting of eight steps. Sources from the scientific literature (BDENF/VHL, Scopus, CINAHL/EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, MEDLINE/PubMed and CAPES Thesis and Dissertation Catalogue, as outlined in a scoping review previously published by the authors) and terminologies from dictionaries and nursing practice, such as SNOMED CT, ICNP, NANDA, NIC and NOC, were analysed.
The concept of ‘safe mobility’ does not have a consolidated definition but was identified through three defining attributes: active movement, prevention of fall-related harm and prevention of immobility-related harm. The antecedents include the older adults' conditions, adaptation of the hospital environment, training of the multidisciplinary team, patient behaviour and family involvement. The consequences involve the maintenance of functionality, improvement of quality of life, reduction of hospital length of stay and costs, as well as a decrease in rates of readmission, referrals to long-term care institutions and mortality.
The concept analysis revealed that safe mobility involves promoting active movement and preventing harm related to both immobility and falls.
Strategies based on this concept can improve the quality of life of older adults, reduce complications and optimise hospital costs.
This concept analysis examines existing literature and does not require patient-related data collection. The methodological approach does not necessitate collaboration with the public.
To explore how adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) experience and express grit in the workplace.
Qualitative study using Husserl's descriptive phenomenology.
Between March 2022 and June 2023, semi-structured interviews were administered to 18 ACHD recruited from two medical centre outpatient departments. The collected data underwent analysis utilising Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method, coupled with Lincoln and Guba's framework, to ensure credibility and trustworthiness.
The analysis revealed five prominent themes derived from the data: (a) career choices amid constraints; (b) adjustments to one's work environment for reasons of fatigue; (c) crises in the workplace arising from exceeding one's physical limits; (d) supportive networks for better health and job stability; (e) resilience at work for balance and fulfilment in life.
Grit significantly influences life satisfaction and job performance among adults with congenital heart disease, highlighting its profound impact on their experiences. Patients exhibit perseverance in job pursuits, adapt work methods to manage physical fatigue, confront challenges during work crises, value family and societal support and aim for self-satisfaction. These findings highlight the impact of grit and mental health on ACHD's lives and work, providing insights for better psychological support and interventions.
This study clarifies the need for healthcare professionals to incorporate workplace grit training and assessment into ACHD care.
Recognising grit as a key factor in ACHD patients' lives informs holistic care, workplace inclusivity and policies that enhance their long-term well-being.
This study was performed in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.
No patient or public involvement.
This study aimed to systematically review Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for nutritional management of dementia and use evidence mapping to highlight research trends and identify gaps to inform future research.
A systematic review of guidelines using the PRISMA statement.
Systematically collect literature on dementia management CPGs from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and guideline databases. Extract basic information, recommendations, methodological quality and reporting quality of the CPGs. Four researchers independently evaluated eligible CPGs using the AGREE II instrument and the RIGHT checklist. All recommendations from the CPGs were summarised and analysed, and evidence mapping bubble charts were created in Excel.
After excluding 5541 records, 10 CPGs were eventually proved eligible, 5 of which were of high quality and 5 of high quality. With 10 CPGs that combined 18 recommendations. The nutrition screening and assessment were summarised on the basis of the dementia recommendations for 4 major items, 7 items on nutritional interventions, 5 items on caring and 2 on education.
This review provides an evidence map and offers new perspectives on CPGs for nutritional management in dementia. However, there are improvements to the included CPGs, but most CPGs have a number of key recommendations that can help guide clinical practice.
The currently available guidelines on dementia nutritional management have room for methodological improvement.
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