To explore families’ experiences participating in a 10-week web-based lifestyle programme for school-aged children with overweight or obesity.

A qualitative study using inductive analysis of semi-structured interview data.

Victoria, Australia.

Families (children aged 7–13 years with overweight or obesity—body mass index ≥85th percentile—and accompanying parent) recruited for a randomised controlled trial that evaluated the effectiveness of the web-based programme and who received the programme (n=102 children/85 families) were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview at 3 months post-programme.

Families received a 10-week family-focused electronic health (e-Health; web-based) lifestyle programme with health coaching sessions—an evidence-based programme adapted from its in-person, group-based counterpart.

A total of 28 families, including 34 children (eight siblings) and mostly mothers, shared their experiences. 10 themes were identified on family members’ experiences and aligned with the socioecological model: intrapersonal—knowledge development on healthy living; experiences and stigma related to overweight, obesity or weight; engaging with structural features of the web-based programme, interpersonal—family dynamic; connections with others (non-healthcare professionals) outside of home; relationship with healthcare professionals, environmental/institutional—impact of COVID-19 lockdowns; health-promoting environments; promotion of and access to overweight or obesity management programmes; web-based programme as part of a larger or established system. Each theme highlighted factors that influenced programme uptake and engagement.

Valuable insights were gained on ways to better adapt e-Health (web-based) lifestyle programmes for children with overweight or obesity. Families perceived advantages in a web-based lifestyle programme and highly regarded humanised features and elements comparable to conventional in-person programmes. Further research is needed to explore the perspectives of families from diverse populations, fathers and families who decline participation in the follow-up period. Web-based lifestyle programmes that incorporate contemporary e-Health technologies, including responsive AI, also warrant further investigation to maximise programme benefits.

ACTRN12621001762842.

To compare serum vitamin D and calcium levels between tuberculosis (TB) patients and age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls, and to evaluate their relationship with disease severity.

Comparative cross-sectional study.

Dilla University Teaching Hospital (DUTH), Southern Ethiopia.

100 adult TB patients and 100 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls aged 18 years or over.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and calcium levels.

Mean serum vitamin D was markedly lower in TB patients than in controls (21.4±7.3 ng/mL vs 32.0±6.6 ng/mL; p

Low vitamin D and calcium levels were observed among TB patients in Southern Ethiopia. These findings emphasise the need for routine micronutrient screening and considering supplementation in TB care. Further research is needed to clarify the clinical significance of these micronutrient levels in TB management.

Bangladesh is highly prone to recurrent flooding that disrupts all four pillars of food security. This study aimed to explore the effect of household food insecurity on the underweight status of women in flood-affected areas of Bangladesh, which remains underexplored.

This is a cross-sectional analysis.

This study was conducted in eight sub-districts (upazilas) across eight districts in Bangladesh that experience severe to moderate river flooding, flash floods and substantial tidal surges.

A total of 532 women participated in the study. The inclusion criteria for participation were as follows: (1) being at least 18 years of age, (2) residing in the household for at least 1 year and (3) having experienced limited food access in the 4 weeks before data collection due to flood-related constraints.

Household food insecurity was measured using the U.S. Agency for International Development Household Food Insecurity Access Scale questionnaire. An underweight status was evaluated through anthropometric measurements of women. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were estimated using robust log-linear models.

Moderate food insecurity was the most common (58.3%) among the participants. The prevalence of underweight was the highest (52.1%) in the severely food-insecure group and decreased significantly with improved food security. Severe household food insecurity was strongly associated with a higher prevalence of underweight individuals (aPR = 4.12; 95% CI, 1.60 to 10.60). An underweight status was also prevalent in women from moderately food-insecure households (aPR = 1.75; 95% CI, 0.68 to 4.55).

This study reveals a significant association between household food insecurity and underweight status, highlighting the major challenges faced by women living in flood-prone areas of Bangladesh. These findings emphasise the urgent need to address household food insecurity to improve nutritional outcomes for women in vulnerable communities.