Conectar
To assess the reliability and validity of a negative emotion scale for public health nurses conducting child abuse prevention activities.
A four-phase mixed method design.
Participants were public health nurses with experience in child abuse prevention across Japan. The initial scale was developed and refined based on previous studies, expert panel reviews, interviews with public health nurses, and a questionnaire-based pilot study. In 2024, 549 public health nurses completed a questionnaire on scale items. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, comparisons with a preexisting scale, the number of times negative attitudes and the types of behaviours exhibited by parents were used to narrow the scale and assess its psychometric properties.
Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis reduced the scale to 15 items on two factors: ‘negative emotions toward aggressive and emotional attitudes’ and ‘negative emotions toward rejecting and uncooperative attitudes.’ Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit. The Cronbach's alpha was high, and the negative emotions scale score positively correlated with the pre-existing scale, negative attitudes and parental behaviours.
The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and other factors confirmed the scale's reliability, and correlations with other scales confirmed its validity.
Evaluating negative emotions provides critical insights into the quality of support and its influence on psychological well-being.
By assessing negative emotions that public health nurses find difficult using this scale, the support system for them can be examined.
STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies was followed.
Public health nurses were involved in the generation of items for the scale. Their perspective was sought in determining the items for the scale.
Registered in the UMIIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN-CTR ID UMIN000054650).
To estimate uptake of the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 6–12 weeks postpartum among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Japan, and to explore the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with screening uptake.
Retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data.
Data from a nationwide employees’ health insurance claims database (Japan Medical Data Center; JMDC) during the fiscal years 2012–2020 were assessed.
2282 women with GDM in the JMDC claims database (April 2012–January 2021), ascertained using the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD-10) codes cross-validated with a high-risk GDM management fee.
Primary outcome: completion of a 75 g OGTT at 6–12 weeks postpartum. Secondary outcomes: completion of a 75 g OGTT at 4–12 weeks postpartum and cumulative completion up to 1 year postpartum.
We included 2282 women in the analysis. The overall screening rate was 28.7% (654/2282) from 2012 to 2020. Even in 2020, the year with the highest reported screening rate, it remained low at 33.2% (181/546). After expanding the range to include 4 weeks to ≤1 year postpartum, the cumulative screening rate reached 64.9% by 1 year postpartum. The screening rate was lower when childbirth and GDM were managed at different facilities than when both were managed within the same facility.
We report suboptimal screening rates for women with a GDM history in Japan. This study highlights the need for continuous monitoring and the development of effective strategies for early screening and intervention in this high-risk group. These strategies should include system-level improvements in screening methods and enhance patient awareness through antenatal education prior to delivery.
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